The factors governing the rate of change in the amount of atmospheric water vapor are analyzed in simulations of climate change. The global-mean amount of water vapor is estimated to increase at a differential rate of 7.3% K with respect to global-mean surface air temperature in the multi-model mean. Larger rates of change result if the fractional change is evaluated over a finite change in tem...

precipitation is one of important parameters of climatology and atmospheric science that have more importance in human life. recently, extensive flood and drought entered many damage to most parts of the world. precipitation forecasting and alerts management role is responsible for these problems. today, artificial neural networks are one of developed method that applied for estimate and predic...

Satellite-borne measurements provide valuable information on the global distribution of upper tropospheric humidity (UTH), which represents the mean relative humidity in a layer approximately enclosed by the atmospheric pressure levels 500 and 200 hPa. Monthly mean distributions of microwave observations of UTH obtained from the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-B (AMSU-B) and the Humidity Sound...

Spatial climate datasets of 1981-2010 long-term mean monthly average dew point and minimum and maximum vapor pressure deficit were developed for the conterminous United States at 30-arcsec (~800m) resolution. Interpolation of long-term averages (twelve monthly values per variable) was performed using PRISM (Parameter-elevation Relationships on Independent Slopes Model). Surface stations availab...

BACKGROUND To date little conclusive evidence exists on the seasonality of rotavirus incidence in the tropics. We present a systematic review and meta-analysis on the seasonal epidemiology of rotavirus in the tropics, including 26 studies reporting continuous monthly rotavirus incidence for which corresponding climatological data was available. METHODS Using linear regression models that acco...

Analysis and simulation of biospheric responses to historical forcing require surface climate data that capture those aspects of climate that control ecological processes, including key spatial gradients and modes of temporal variability. We developed a multivariate, gridded historical climate dataset for the conterminous USA as a common input database for the Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and ...

ABSTRACT- Many fruits, vegetables and ornamental crops of tropical origin experience physiological damage when subjected to low temperatures. Protection of plants from the effects of lethally low temperatures is important in agriculture, especially in horticultural production of high value fruits and vegetables. The objective of this study was to develop a simple model to predict the daily mini...

Precise knowledge ofthe amount of global solar radiation plays an important role in designing solar energy systems. In this study, by using 22-year meteorologicaldata, 19 empirical models were tested for prediction of the monthly mean daily global solar radiation in Tabriz. In addition, various Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models were designed for comparison with empirical models. For this p...