METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 732 patients with CMLBP who were treated between 1997 and 2007. All patients had received injections of methylprednisolone and bupivacaine into the facet joints of L3-4, L4-5, and L5-S1. None had tumor, infection, or major trauma causing fracture of the spine, disruption of the major ligaments of the lumbosacral spine, or cauda equina syndrome. Patients...

Biomedical sciences have made major advances in understanding how tissues repair, and the signalling mechanisms required to achieve this goal are progressively being dissected. Advances in the understanding of tissue repair mechanisms and the pivotal role of growth factors have stimulated the use of platelet-rich therapies by orthopaedic surgeons and sports physicians, mainly with the aim of st...

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Prostate cancer is a major hormone-dependent tumor affecting men, and is often treated by hormone therapy at the primary stages. Despite its initial efficiency, the disease eventually acquires resistance, resulting in the recurrence of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Recent studies suggest that dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) function is one of the mechanisms underlying hormone therapy ...

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In sport and exercise biomechanics, forward dynamics analyses or simulations have frequently been used in attempts to establish optimal techniques for performance of a wide range of motor activities. However, the accuracy and validity of these simulations is largely dependent on the complexity of the mathematical model used to represent the neuromusculoskeletal system. It could be argued that c...

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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 1. General Physiological Sex Differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 1.1 Morphology and Body Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...