Free and esterified sterols of eggs of the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita races 2 and 3 and M. arenaria race 1 were isolated and identified by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major sterols of eggs of each race were 24-ethylcholesterol (33.4-38.8% of total sterol), 24-ethylcholestanol (18.3-25.3%), 24-methylcholesterol (8.6-11.7%), 24-methylcholestanol (7.7-12.5%), an...

The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the principal nematode pests of field and vegetable crops in the southern United States (6). Meloidogyne spp. are generally not uniformly distributed in naturally infested field sites, and sites frequently contain more than one species, thus complicating the evaluation of breeding lines for nematode resistance. To facilitate evaluation of nema...

Host suitability of olive cultivars Arbequina and Picual to several plant-parasitic nematodes was studied under controlled conditions. Arbequina and Picual were not suitable hosts for the root-lesion nematodes Pratylenchus fallax, P. thornei, and Zygotylenchus guevarai. However, the ring nematode Mesocriconema xenoplax and the spiral nematodes Helicotylenchus digonicus and H. pseudorobustus rep...

Banana production is seriously hindered by Meloidogyne spp. all over the world. Endophytes are ideal candidates compared to pesticides as an environmentally benign agent. In the present study, endophytes isolated from banana roots infected by Meloidogyne spp. with different disease levels were tested in vitro, and in sterile and nature banana monoculture soils against Meloidogyne javanica. The ...

Pangola digitgrass (Digitaria decumbens Stent.) can be used as a pasture grass or it can be harvested as hay. I t originated in Africa and has been in t roduced to other tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Winchester and Haysl ip (5) repor ted that the grass e l iminated populat ions of the root&not nematode, Meloidogyne incognita acrita Chitwood and Oteifa, 1952. Overman (3) sampled 7...

Genetic variation within nuclear and mitochondrial DNA of Meloidogyne species and host races has been evaluated for the development of root-knot nematode molecular diagnostics. This review summarizes the distinctive features of several useful DNA-based assays for plant-parasitic nematodes, focusing upon the direct application of these procedures for Meloidogyne detection, identification, and sy...

5 Introduction 6 Introduction to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) 6 The life cycle of Meloidogyne species 8 Integrated pest management and biological control 11 Nematophagous fungi 12 Pochonia chlamydosporia (syn. Verticillium chlamydosporium) 12 Materials and Methods 14 Results and Discussion 15 P. chlamydosporia as a control agent of root knot nematodes 15 Conclusions 21 References 23

During 1986 and 1988, selected farms in all of the major carrot-growing counties of Michigan were surveyed to determine the extent of infestation by Heterodera carotae and Meloidogyne hapla. Both species were found in all eight counties surveyed, but not on all farms. Heterodera carotae was recovered from 67.4% of the fields surveyed. Meloidogyne hapla was detected in 24.8% of the samples and f...

A procedure for extracting eggs of Meloidogyne spp. from soil was developed by modifying and combining certain existing techniques. Egg masses were elutriated from the soft, gelatinous matrices of the egg masses were dissolved, and the dispersed eggs were stained to facilitate counting. Data on egg population densities thus obtained facilitate the study of population dynamics of Meloidogyne spp...