We address the question of whether atomic bound states begin to stabilize in the short ultra-intense eld limit. We provide a general theory of ionization probability and investigate its gauge invariance. For a wide range of potentials we nd an upper and lower bound by non-perturbative methods, which clearly exclude the possibility that the ultra intense eld might have a stabilizing eeect on the...

We address the question of whether atomic bound states begin to stabilize in the short ultra-intense field limit. We provide a general theory of ionization probability and investigate its gauge invariance. For a wide range of potentials we find an upper and lower bound by non-perturbative methods, which clearly exclude the possibility that the ultra intense field might have a stabilizing effect...

AIM To develop silicon microforceps for intraocular surgery using Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) technology, the application of microchip fabrication techniques for the production of controllable three dimensional devices on the micrometre scale. METHODS Prototype MEMS forceps were designed and manufactured for intraocular surgery. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate devi...

Aim: To develop silicon microforceps for intraocular surgery using Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) technology, the application of microchip fabrication techniques for the production of controllable three dimensional devices on the micrometre scale. Methods: Prototype MEMS forceps were designed and manufactured for intraocular surgery. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate devi...

a three-step selective photo-ionization for gd155 and gd157 isotopes by pulsed laser wasevaluated numerically. due to large thermal neutron absorption cross sections, these two isotopes innatural gadolinium are good candidates as burnable poison to control reactivity early in the fuel cycleand allow extended fuel burn up. rate equations have been used to calculate the dynamics of the isotopepop...

We present the SLIMP package, which provides an efficient way for the calculation of strong-field ionization rate and high-order harmonic spectra based on the single active electron approximation. The initial states are taken as single-particle orbitals directly fromoutput files of the general purpose quantumchemistry programs GAMESS, Firefly and Gaussian. For ionization, the molecular Ammosov–...