Nodular hyperplasia (nodular or multinodular goiter) is the most common form of thyroid disease. These nodules may undergo secondary changes in the form of hemorrhages, calcification and cystic degeneration. However, osseous metaplasia with mature bone formation rarely occurs. The present study reports the cases of three female patients with thyroid nodules diagnosed as nodular hyperplasia with...

Cholesterol granuloma is a well-characterized entity comprised of a foreign-body giant cell-reaction that forms in response to the presence of cholesterol crystals. It is usually found in the middle-ear or mastoid process in patients with diseases associated with chronic inflammation such as cholesteatoma and otitis media. They are rarely seen in the mediastinum. Osseous metaplasia is an exceed...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract, while osseous metaplasia of this tumour is an unexpected event. To date, no cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we report a case of a 60-year-old man affected by a GIST with benign osseous metaplasia and mature bone formation. We also discuss the pathogenesis of intra...

Endometrial osseous metaplasia is a very rare disease related to secondary infertility. A 42-year-old woman, a North Korean defector, visited for gynecological exam. She presented with a history of secondary infertility. She had two previous pregnancies and both were voluntarily terminated at 14 and 16 years ago. Vaginal delivery at about 20 weeks in the fi rst gestation 16 years ago; and dilat...