BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE ALS leads to macrostructural (ie, cortical atrophy and hyperintensities along the corticospinal tract) and microstructural (ie, gray matter intrinsic damage) central nervous system abnormalities. We used a multimodal voxelwise imaging approach to assess microstructural changes independent of macrostructural volume loss in patients with ALS compared with HCs. MATERIALS A...

BACKGROUND Volumetric atrophy and microstructural alterations in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures of the hippocampus have been reported in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, no study to date has jointly investigated concomitant microstructural and volumetric changes of the hippocampus in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). METHODS A total of...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), water diffusion changes suggestive of microstructural tissue alterations have been recently reported in abnormal- and normal-appearing white matter as seen on T2-weighted images. In the subcortical gray matter, typical lacunar infarcts are repeatedly observed. Whether ...

BACKGROUND White matter microstructural changes detected using diffusion tensor imaging have been reported in bipolar disorder. However, findings are heterogeneous, which may be related to the use of analysis techniques that cannot adequately model crossing fibers in the brain. We therefore sought to identify altered diffusion anisotropy and diffusivity changes using an improved high angular re...

Cancellous bone microstructure is an important determinant of the mechanical integrity of vertebrae. The numerous microstructural parameters that have been studied extensively are generally represented as a single value obtained as an average over a sample. The range of the intra-sample variability of cancellous microstructure and its effect on the mechanical properties of bone are less well-un...

The unusual properties of many multifunctional materials originate from a structural phase transformation and consequent martensitic microstructure. Phase-field models are typically used to predict the formation of microstructural patterns and subsequent evolution under applied loads. However, formulating a phase-field energy with the correct equilibrium crystal structures and that also respect...

Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we explored microstructural brain maturation in a population of 65 preterm neonates who underwent magnetic resonance imaging between 35 and 43 weeks of corrected gestational age. A voxel-based analysis approach, statistical parametric mapping (SPM8), was used to evidence the nonlinear changes with the corrected gestational age in the regional distribution o...

Remodelling of biological tissue, due to changes in microstructure, is treated in the continuum mechanical setting. Microstructural change is expressed as an evolution of the reference configuration. This evolution is expressed as a point-to-point map from the reference configuration to a remodelled configuration. A “preferred” change in configuration is considered in the form of a globally inc...

The addition of low concentrations of the hydrotropic salt p-toluidine hydrochloride (PTHC) to solutions of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) promotes the transition from spherical to rodlike micelles. NMR measurements confirm that the hydrotrope adsorbs at the micelle-water interface, thereby screening electrostatic repulsions between the surfactant headgroups. The sphere-to-...

OBJECTIVE In bipolar disorder, dysregulation of mood may result from white matter abnormalities that change fiber tract length and fiber density. There are few studies evaluating the white matter microstructural changes in bipolar I patients (BD) with depressive episodes. The present study aimed to evaluate anterior corona radiata in BD patients with depressive episode using Diffusion Tensor Im...