Nightlight Christian Adoptions [3] et al. v. Thompson et al. was a lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia on 8 March 2001. The suit was filed because Nightlight Christian Adoptions [3], a frozen embryo [4] adoption agency, felt that the Guidelines for Research Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells [5] published by the National Institutes for Health were unla...

Thomson [4], et al. v. Thompson, et al. was a lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia on 8 May 2001 as Civil Action Number 01-CV-0973. This lawsuit was filed in hopes of gaining injunctive relief against a moratorium on the federal funding of stem cell research. The plaintiffs in the case were seven prominent scientists who performed embryonic stem cell re...

Introduction Paleontological data have been used for decades to address a series of very general and intrinsically interesting questions concerning speciation. Many of them are essentially microevolutionary, morphological or both. What is the relative prevalence of anagenesis and cladogensis (Wagner & Erwin 1995)? Do constraints on morphology cause occupation of morphospace to slow down as dive...

The technology of airborne remote sensing encompasses a broad class of airborne platforms and a wide suite of remote sensing instruments. Usable platforms range from airships (Hamley, 1994; Windischbauer and Hans, 1994), UAVs (Unmanned Airborne Vehicles, Miller et al., 1999; Petrie, 2001), and helicopters (Gade et al., 1998; Matthews et al., 1997; Schaepman et al., 1997), to standard and high-a...

Introduction Lack of consistent tenderness is a major quality problem that significantly impacts the profitability of the beef industry. Conservative estimates indicate tenderness defects cost the beef industry over $216,000,000 annually (Morgan, 1995). Consumers rate tenderness as the top sensory trait considered when they are making purchasing decisions (Mennecke et al., 2007), and are willin...

an inhibitory modulator of cholinergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission (Miller et al., 1999; Van Hoomissen et al., 2004; Landry et al., 2005; Hobson et al., 2006). Gal is co-localized with norepinephrine (NE) in several regions of the brain, such as locus coeruleus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, amygdala, cortex and hippocampus (Hokfelt et al., 1998; Kozicz, 2001; Xu et al., 2001; Ho...

associated with global climate change (e.g. Lambeck et al. 2002; Miller et al. 2005; IPCC 2001; IPCC 2007; Hansen et al. 2007; Broecker and Kunzig 2008). For example, during the last interglacial warm period (~125,000 yrs BP) sea level was approximately 5 m higher than present, and during the Last Glacial Maximum (~21,000 yrs BP), sea level was about 120 m lower than present (Figure 1) (Fairban...