objective: in spite of accumulating information about pathological aspects of sulfur mustard (sm), the precise mechanism responsible for its effects is not well understood. circulating micrornas (mirnas) are promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. accurate normalization using appropriate reference genes, is a critical step in mirna expression studies. in this study, we aimed t...

Mutations of the neurofibromin 1 gene cause neurofibromatosis type 1, a disease in which learning and behavioral abnormalities are common. The disease is completely penetrant but shows variable phenotypic expression in patients. The repertoire of regulatory interactions utilized by neurons to control neurofibromin 1 expression is poorly understood. Here, we examined the contribution of microRNA...

Macropinocytosis, by which cells ingest large amounts of fluid, and autophagy, the lysosome-based catabolic process, involve vesicular biogenesis (early stage) and turnover (end stage). Much is known about early-stage events; however, our understanding of how the end stages of these processes are governed is incomplete. Here we demonstrate that the microRNA-103/107(miR-103/107) family, which is...

Background: Endothelial cell (EC) maladaptation to disturbed blood flow at predilection sites of atherosclerosis is characterized by inflammation and defective regeneration. The RNase Dicer is essential for the production of microRNAs, which play a crucial role in EC maladaptation. EC-derived Dicer promotes atherosclerosis and suppresses KLF4, Notch1, and Wnt signaling. While Dicer increases EC...

Identifying immunocompromised women who are at risk of developing cervical cancer remains a challenge for clinicians. In an effort to identify the role HIV in carcinogenesis, this study evaluated levels normally downregulated oncomirs (miR-21, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-182, and miR-200c) upregulated tumor suppressors (miR-let-7b, miR-125b, miR-143, miR-145, p53 expression) associated with serum li...

MicroRNAs regulate the maladaptation of endothelial cells (ECs) to naturally occurring disturbed blood flow at arterial bifurcations resulting in arterial inflammation and atherosclerosis in response to hyperlipidemic stress. Here, we show that reduced endothelial expression of the RNAse Dicer, which generates almost all mature miRNAs, decreases monocyte adhesion, endothelial C–X–C motif chemok...

Milk is the primary source of nutrition for young mammals including humans. The nutritional value of milk is mainly attributable to fats and proteins fractions. In comparison to cow milk, goat milk contains greater amounts of total fat, including much higher levels of the beneficial unsaturated fatty acids. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a well-defined group of small RNAs containing about 22 nucleotides (...

Oxidative stress plays a critical role in cardiovascular diseases. Salidroside, a glycoside from Rhodiola rosea, has been used as an antioxidative therapy for oxidative injury in cardiac diseases. However, the mechanism underlying its antioxidant effect needs to be elucidated. Treatment of HUVECs with H2O2 significantly decreased the expression of miR-103 in a dose- and time-dependent manner, w...

The μ-opioid receptor (MOR-1) gene OPRM1 undergoes extensive alternative splicing, generating an array of splice variants. Of these variants, MOR-1A, an intron-retention carboxyl terminal splice variant identical to MOR-1 except for the terminal intracellular tail encoded by exon 3b, is quite abundant and conserved from rodent to humans. Increasing evidence indicates that miroRNAs (miRNAs) regu...