BACKGROUND Over the past two decades, high false alarm (FA) rates have remained an important yet unresolved concern in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). High FA rates lead to desensitization of the attending staff to such warnings, with associated slowing in response times and detrimental decreases in the quality of care for the patient. False arrhythmia alarms are commonly due to single channel E...

In 1985 Tulving introduced the remember-know procedure, whereby subjects are asked to distinguish between memories that involve retrieval of contextual details (remembering) and memories that do not (knowing). Several studies have been reported showing age-related declines in remember hits, which has typically been interpreted as supporting dual-process theories of cognitive aging that align re...

We present our experience of combining, in a realistic setting, a static analysis for soundness and a statistical analysis for false-alarm removal. The static analyzer is Airac that we have developed in the abstract interpretation framework for detecting buffer overruns in ANSI + GNU C programs. Airac is sound (finding all bugs) but with false alarms. Airac raised, for example, 970 buffer-overr...

The objective of this clinical study was to determine alarm rates--in particular the frequency of false positive alarms--of three third-generation pulse oximeters in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), the intensive care unit (ICU), and in patients with an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP): Nellcor Symphony N-3000, a Masimo IVY 2000, and Agilent Viridia CMS 2000. All alarms were classified into...

OBJECTIVE We examined the effects of knowledge of results (KR) on vigilance accuracy and report the first use of positive and negative predictive power (PPP and NPP) to assess vigilance training effectiveness. BACKGROUND Training individuals to detect infrequent signals among a plethora of nonsignals is critical to success in many failure-intolerant monitoring technologies. KR has been widely...

Gandin and Murphy have shown that if a skill score is linear in the scoring matrix, and if the scoring matrix is symmetric, then in the 2-event case there exists a unique, \equitable" skill score, namely the True Skill Score (or Kuipers' performance index). As such, this measure is treated as preferable to other measures because of its equitability. However, in most practical situations the sco...

Failure location in transparent optical networks is difficult because of the large number of alarms that a failure can trigger and because of corrupted alarms. One problem that network operators often face is how to set the thresholds in monitoring devices: Setting the thresholds low results in false alarms, whereas setting them high presents the risk of missing a significant degradation in net...

The goals of the present study were twofold. First, we wished to investigate the neural correlates of aware and unaware emotional face perception after characterizing each subject's behavioral performance via signal detection theory methods. Second, we wished to investigate the extent to which amygdala responses to fearful faces depend on the physical characteristics of the stimulus independent...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Guidelines recommend continuous ECG monitoring in patients with cerebrovascular events. Studies on intensive care units (ICU) demonstrated high sensitivity but high rates of false alarms of monitoring systems resulting in desensitization of medical personnel potentially endangering patient safety. Data on patients with acute stroke are lacking. METHODS One-hundred fifty...