The paper presents the Chicago School economist Theodore Schultz's contributions to economic theory. Schultz is only agricultural have been awarded Nobel Prize in Economics. first part briefly describes life of Schultz. second deals with his works economics agriculture. third discusses book Economic Value Education (Schultz, 1963). fourth analyses work Investing People 1981). fifth explores Eco...

Current theories view learning as the acquisition of specific predictions1–4. Humans and animals learn to predict the outcomes of their behavior, including rewards. Learning depends on the extent to which these outcomes are different than predicted, being governed by the discrepancy or ‘error’ between outcome and prediction. Outcomes that affect learning in this way are termed ‘reinforcers’. Le...

The Narumi–Katayama index of a graph G is equal to the product of the degrees of the vertices of G. In this paper we consider a new version of the Narumi– Katayama index in which each vertex degree d is multiplied d times. We characterize the graphs extremal w.r.t. this new topological index.

The genera Tenupedunculus Schultz, 1982 and Stenobermuda Schultz, 1979 are recorded for the first time from beyond the Southern Ocean, at the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Tenupedunculus serrulatussp. n. and Stenobermuda waroogasp. n. are described from Heron Island and Lizard Island respectively, both in the Great Barrier Reef. The genus Tenupedunculus is revised and a new diagnosis presented...

The Gutman index (also known as Schultz index of the second kind) of a graph G is defined as Gut(G) = ∑ u,v∈V (G) d(u)d(v)d(u, v). We show that among all graphs on n vertices, the star graph Sn has minimal Gutman index. In addition, we present upper and lower bounds on Gutman index for graphs with minimal and graphs with maximal Gutman index. Corresponding author Supported by project 1M0545 of ...