from the time that civil engineers have used steel in building structures, they tried to increase its strength so as to produce more economic and lighter structures by using more elegant sections. increase of steel strength is not always useful for all members of a steel structure. in some members under certain conditions, it is needed to reduce the strength as much as possible to improve the b...

The Modular Building System (MBS) is increasingly popular and promoted due to the inherent advantages over conventional construction. Fire performance of a building has become crucial design consideration because recent detrimental fire accidents. However, for modular buildings, there been less previous evidence research on performance. Investigations necessary since double skin wall floor pane...

Performance-based fire design for cold-formed steel systems is in its infancy. This paper brings together existing research on cold-formed steel materials, members, and assemblages at elevated temperatures; and complementary analysis and design methods necessary for the development of analysis-based design for cold-formed steel systems under fire. Cold-formed steel systems have become popular i...

In the last few years, to meet the need of build efficient homes in a short time and with maximum constructive simplification, lightweight prefabricated building systems have proved to be particularly suitable, especially in geographical areas which must deal with emergency situations (i.e., temporary housing). In this paper the winter and summer thermal performance of a building prototype, rea...

The reuse system proposed by the authors is an overall business system for realizing a cyclic reuse flow through the processes of design, fabrication, construction, maintenance, demolition and storage. The reuse system is one of the methods to reduce the environmental burden in the field of building steel structures. These buildings are assumed to be demolished within approximately 30 years or ...

Authorization infrastructures manage privileges and render access control decisions, allowing applications to adjust their behavior according to the privileges allocated to users. This paper describes the PERMIS role based authorization infrastructure along with its conceptual authorisation, access control, and trust models. PERMIS has the novel concept of a credential validation service, which...

The steel Modular Building Systems (MBSs) that have been influenced by the Light-gauge Steel Frame (LSF) techniques become a prominent culture in industry. However, detrimental behaviour of structural components at high temperatures has elevated risk fatal accidents event fire. Although several research investigations addressed fire performance modular wall systems, floor systems not adequately...