background: wearing spectacles is the most common approach in correcting the refractive errors worldwide. due to harmful effects of overexposure to solar ultraviolet radiations, the usage of multi-layer coatings in ophthalmic lenses has recently been increased. these lenses can reduce the reflections and hence increase the transmission of visible light; they can also decrease the transmission o...

An analysis of the demands of ULSI and GSI technologies shows the necessity of multi-layer devices to reduction of signal transmission delay time. This reduction is realized by using a better conductor metal, such as Cu and a surrounding insulator with low capacity than actually used, such as Dow Cyclotene 3022. In this paper, the results of evaporated and sputtered Cu to Dow Cyclotene 3022 wer...

An analysis of the demands of ULSI and GSI technologies shows the necessity of multi-layer devices to reduction of signal transmission delay time. This reduction is realized by using a better conductor metal, such as Cu and a surrounding insulator with low capacity than actually used, such as Dow Cyclotene 3022. In this paper, the results of evaporated and sputtered Cu to Dow Cyclotene 3022 wer...

In this article, three new green's functions are presented for a narrow strip line (not a thin wire) inside or on a homogeneous dielectric, supposing quasi-TEM dominant mode. These functions have no singularity in contrast to so far presented ones, so that they can be used easily to determine the capacitance matrix of multi-layer and single-layer homogeneous coupled microstrip lines. To obtain ...