While organ preservation with nonextirpative surgery, radiotherapy, and frequently, chemotherapy has become a favored strategy in the treatment of many cancers, bladder preservation for patients with invasive disease remains controversial. The standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the United States is still radical cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection. An alternative ...

This review summarizes the contents of a workshop on multimodality management for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) held on July 6, 2013, under the auspices of the 4th Asia-Pacific Primary Liver Cancer Expert Meeting Scientific Advisory Committee. BCLC stage C HCC represents a varied disease spectrum and, therefore, further stratification of BCLC stage ...

Each imaging modality has its own unique strengths. Multimodality imaging, taking advantages of strengths from two or more imaging modalities, can provide overall structural, functional, and molecular information, offering the prospect of improved diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring abilities. The devices of molecular imaging with multimodality and multifunction are of great value for cancer ...

Interstitial cystitis is an increasingly common disease characterized by urgency, frequency, and pelvic pain. Its etiology is poorly understood but is likely to be multifactorial. A proposed pathophysiology describing a cascade of events, including epithelial dysfunction, mast cell activation, and neurogenic inflammation, is presented. Using this model, multimodality therapy regimens have been ...

Extra renal extra cranial malignant rhobdoid tumors (MRT) are rare, frequently lethal and affect mostly children. No definite treatment has been made and the role of radiation therapy is poorly defined. This report explains a 14 year old girl with MRT in her neck soft tissue. She is alive with no evidence of disease 18 months after diagnosis. Through the experience with this case, we suggested...

A duplicated middle cerebral artery (DMCA) aneurysm is characterized by the presence of an aneurysm at the bifurcation of the original and duplicated middle cerebral arteries. The authors reported a very rare case that had a DMCA aneurysm and underwent multimodality treatment. The patient was 49-year-old male and presented with headache. His examinations revealed an aneurysm at the origin of th...