Presented are intra- and inter-observer variability data comparing the unique-hue (UH) selections of sets of males and females, using two different visual experimental procedures incorporating Munsell color chips of varying hue but identical chroma and value. Although 34 of the 40 Munsell hue chips were selected by at least one observer as a UH, selections were generally repeatable. In addition...

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF, Nature 401 (1999) 788-791) is a method to derive non-negative basis functions for sets of data that are inherently non-negative, such as color spectra. We applied NMF to Munsell color spectra and investigated the color names associated with the non-negative basis functions. NMF yields basis functions compatible with established color naming categories.

In commercial point of view, it is of great interest to find colors with high color constancy level. Color constancy as a relatively property of object’s appearance could be affected by different factors. In this article, the color inconstancy index of CMCCON02 and CIELAB color coordinate of 1269 samples of Munsell at CIELchº color system to study any correlations, was calculated. The correspon...

This paper proposes an algorithm that can reduce the estimation error of surface spectral-reflectance(SR) when using a conventional 3-band RGB camera. In the proposed method, the estimation error is reduced by using adaptive principle components(PCs) for each color region. To build an adaptive set of PCs, n SR populations are organized for n PC sets using the Lloyd quantizer design algorithm. T...

Arend and Reeves [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 3, 1743 (1986)] described measurements of color constancy in computer simulations of arrays of colored papers of equal Munsell value under 4000-, 6500-, and 10,000-K daylight illuminants. We report an extension of those experiments to chromatic arrays spanning a wide range of Munsell values. The computer-simulated scene included a standard array of Munsell p...

Purpose. Color-vision deficiency is associated with abnormalities in color matching and color discrimination, but its impact on the ability of people to judge the constancy of surface colors under different lights (color constancy) is less clear. This work had two aims: first, to quantify the degree of color constancy in subjects with congenital red-green color deficiency; second, to test wheth...

Two psychophysical experiments were conducted at North Carolina State University (NCSU) and Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) to obtain replicated perceived saturation data from color normal observers on the order of one unit of saturation. The same 37 Munsell sample sheets, including up to four references that had similar perceived saturation but different hue, were used in both experime...

The color stability of seven commercial composite resins, an unfilled resin, and three glazes was studied under conditions of accelerated aging by reflection spectrophotometry and visually with Munsell color tabs. After aging for 900 hours, most of the resins had lower values of luminous reflectance and excitation purity and higher values of dominant wavelength and contrast ratio compared to va...