This study investigates the symmetry and asymmetry impact of oil price shocks on economic growth for Iraqi economy during 1968-2019. For this purpose, we utilizing Linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Nonlinear (NARDL).  The linear nonlinear ARDL found that have a positive long-run growth, as F statistics are greater than critical upper bound in all models. Moreover, results NARDL ...

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and financial inclusion (FI) on remittances in India China over 15-year period beginning first quarter 2003 ending fourth 2019 using augmented ARDL, non-augmented fourier causality test. results stationary tests demonstrate that variables are integrated a non-linear fashion, indicating become at level or...

Belirsizlik, yatırımların ertelenmesine, tasarrufların artmasına, tüketimin azalmasına ve sonuç olarak da uluslararası ticaret hacmini ekonomik yavaşlamaya yol açmaktadır. Küresel belirsizlik arasında asimetrik bir ilişki olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Başka ifadeyle, belirsizliklerin artmasının küresel azaltması, azalmasının ise artırması beklenmektedir. Bu durum, pozitif negatif şoklara karşı hac...

The environmental degradation and the concern for sustainable development have garnered extensive attention from researchers to evaluate prospects of green bonds over other traditional assets. Against this backdrop, current study measures asymmetric relationship between bonds, U.S. economic policy uncertainty (EPU), bitcoins by employing Nonlinear Autoregressive Distribution Lag (NARDL) estimat...

Purpose Within a multivariate framework, this study examines the asymmetric and threshold impact of external debt on economic growth in Egypt during period 1980–2019. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) bounds testing approach to cointegration vector error-correction model estimate short- long-run parameters equilibrium dynamics. A multipl...

Makalede, kısa vadede daha iyi bir getiri arayan "sıcak para" veya spekülatif sermaye akışı ile Türkiye'nin borsa getirisi ve likiditesi arasındaki ilişkinin boyutu araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri NARDL Granger nedensellik testleri analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda, sıcak para bileşenleri arasında eşbütünleşik asimetirk olduğu görülmüştür. testinde ise, portföy yatırımları iki yönl...

The relationship between financial development and economic growth has been widely debated in the economics literature, but results have inconsistent vary short long run. In this study, we investigate causal Ethiopia using annual data from 1980 to 2021. We employ Toda-Yamamoto causality test nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) modeling framework analyze data. Our show that none of ...

This study aims to examine the asymmetric relationship between trade openness and FDI (foreign direct investment) inflows Vietnam by using NARDL (nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag) during period from 1997 2019. Our findings show that influence of on is in short-run long-run. But symmetric long run.

Over the years, economies of Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey (the MINT countries) have had significant levels economic growth. However, these countries not been able to protect quality their environments simultaneously. As a result, rising environmental indices in nations cast gloomy shadow over capacity continue development. It has shown that more educated workforce may boost an economy...