Promoting safety of medicines for children is a global concern which has prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to launch a campaign of "Making Medicines Child Size". Children in Nigeria were once victims of unethical clinical medicine trials and repeated victims of use of fake and adulterated medicines. Considering the magnitude of harms children had suffered in Nigeria from the use of m...

Since 2004, the Subcommittee for Development of the National List of Essential Drugs (NLED) has embarked upon an historical evolution of applying evidence to the revision, inclusion and exclusion of medicines into and from the list. Then, the revision of the 2008 NLED was the first time in Thai history where the drug selection process in Thailand formally incorporated pharmacoeconomics. At pres...

The number of the cyclodextrin-containing drug formulations on market has been continuously growing since first (prostaglandin E1 formulated with ?-cyclodextrin) was launched in Japan 1976. We have collected a list drugs from various sources available internet to find 130 approved pharmaceutical ingredients either parent cyclodextrins or their hydroxypropyl, sulfobutyl, random methylated sulfol...

Introduction With the disease spectrum changing in China, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become main chronic which affects people’s health severely, bring patients serious economic burden of disease. For T2DM patients, reliable quality evidence decision-making are significant, improving efficiency adjustment National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL). Based on Consolidated Health Economic Eva...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate prescription patterns and influencing factors in Chinese county hospitals. METHODS Prescription quality was evaluated by five indicators proposed by WHO/INRUD. A questionnaire for doctors was designed by our research group. All internists, surgeons, obstetricians, gynecologists and pediatricians from 10 county hospitals in Anhui province were asked to...

This study aimed to evaluate drug utilization in pediatric out-patient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. The patient and drug information of 254 patients was analyzed for WHO recommended prescribing indicators. The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.31 and 45% of medicines were prescribed from National List of Essential Medicines. The use of injectibles was low (1.18%...