INTRODUCTION Parks in disadvantaged suburbs often have low quality and few amenities, which is likely to result in them being underutilised for recreation and physical activity. Refurbishment of parks, including shade, walking paths and other amenities, may have broad health-related benefits. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study design, methods and planned analyses for a natural experiment examinin...

Western Canada is experiencing an unprecedented outbreak of the mountain pine beetle (MPB). The MPB has the potential to impact some of Canada's national parks by affecting park ecosystems and the visitor experience. Controls have been initiated in some parks to lessen the impacts and to prevent the beetle from spreading beyond park boundaries. We examine the perception of ecological risk assoc...

State parks are typically established to preserve natural or native habitats for wildlife while simultaneously providing recreational experiences for humans. However, because of their proximity to urban centers, the level of human visitation associated with state parks may be highly variable. Little information has been published regarding the eff ect of human visitation levels on wildlife esca...

an investigation of science and technology parks in technology development in different countries show a positive impact on development is technology. factors influencing on the development of technology parks can be considerable help in the creation of parks may be appropriate.the study purpose is identified strategies for improving agricultural technology development in science and technology...

Park design in Iran has followed the traditional European style since the Qajar dynasty. Thefamiliarity of Iranians with the spirit of Persian gardens and the low quality of the newest parks is such that usersprefer ancient geometrical Persian gardens. Today, those responsible for the design of urban green spaces lackingexamples differing from the traditional and thus they are in need of an ade...

abstract urban parks are important public multifunctional space used for a wide range of activities. the usage levels of parks depend on the spatial characteristics of the spaces, where its forms and occupancies are referred as the usage-spatial relationship. natural elements spatial complexity and park usability is of interest in this study. a photo - questionnaire was conducted among 296 of p...

How do people value environmental resources? To estimate public valuation of natural resources, researchers often conduct surveys that ask people how much they would be willing to pay to preserve or restore threatened natural resources. However, these survey responses often elicit complex affective responses, including negative reactions toward proposed destructive land uses of those resources....

Among the factors posing new and complex challenges to coupled natural –human components of iconic parks systems are globalization, climate and environmental change, economic development, population migration, international tourism, land use/land cover dynamics, and political instability of governments and institutions. These challenges are evident in almost all settings and are certainly emerg...

The design of a natural park is generated by the need to protect and organize, for conservation and/or balanced growth, parts territory that are particular interest quality historical–cultural heritage. necessary tool support decision-making process in financial economic evaluations, which intervene three successive steps: definition protection enhancement levels areas; choice interventions be ...