The brachial plexus is situated in the posterior triangle of the cervical region and in the axilla. This plexus is a union of the lower four cervical (C5, C6, C7, and C8) ventral rami and the first thoracic (T1) ventral ramus. At the lateral border of the anterior scalene muscle, the five roots unite to form the upper, middle, and lower trunks, each of which splits into anterior and posterior d...

BACKGROUND A thorough understanding of the topographical anatomy of the spinal accessory nerve and the cervical plexus branches is a basic prerequisite for positive results when operating on the neck. OBJECTIVE To give an exact description of the topographical and surgical anatomy of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) and the trapezius branches of the cervical plexus. DESIGN Anatomic analysis...

The accessory nerve was stimulated at the posterior triangle of the neck and responses were evoked simultaneously from the upper, middle and lower part of the trapezius muscle. Sixteen patients were investigated, 10 with trapezius palsy following surgical procedures at the posterior cervical triangle, three with a history suggestive of neuralgic amyotrophy and three of unknown origin. On the un...

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown aetiology. It manifests in two distinct clinical presentations: unicentric and multicentric. Unicentric CD is rare and may present as an isolated neck mass. A 22-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of right neck swelling that occupied the posterior triangle of the right neck region. After surgical exploration, a ...

A 50-year-old man presented with a left-sided neck mass. Clinical examination revealed a large fluctuant 7 cm x 7 cm mass in the left posterior triangle. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an encapsulated soft tissue lesion. He underwent exploration of the neck and a 14 cm by 8 cm mass enfolding the accessory nerve was identified and completely excised. Histological examination of the su...

A 67-year-old woman had had a neck mass for 10 years, which recently increased in size. Sonographic, CT, and MR examinations showed a mass in the carotid and posterior spaces (triangle) extending from below the submandibular gland to the supraclavicular fossa, displacing the common carotid artery and the sternomastoid anteriorly. The mass was solid, noncalcified with lobulated outlines, hypoech...

a primary chancre or any other lesion characteristic of secondary syphilis. The supratrochlear lymph glands were palpable and hard and glands were palpable at the posterior triangle of the neck. The liver and spleen were not enlarged and there was nothing abnormal in the total or differential leucocyte count. Kahn's test was negative. The rash started growing bigger. After a few days the lesion...

OBJECTIVES We describe a rare cause of posterior triangle cervical lymphadenopathy in a third decade female, outline the clinical and histopathological features and discuss excision biopsy as the investigation of choice in this age group, with lymphoma as the diagnosis of exclusion. CASE REPORT A thirty-four year old female was referred to our Head and Neck clinic with a one-month history of ...