BACKGROUND Various routes have been reported with respect to the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from one individual to another. But it is not clear whether they alter the clinical expression of the disease. This study was conducted to know whether there exists any difference in the occurrence of periodontal lesions among untreated HIV subjects who acquired the disease either...

History of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), dates back to 1981 when Centre for Disease Control reported five cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men in California. A major medical crisis that has hit families, communities and nations across the world, AIDS has already caused the death of over 30 million people worldwide. Several...

BackgroundPyoderma gangraenosum (PG) is an autoinflammatory disease leading to ulceration of the skin. It should be considered in differential diagnosis ulcerative diseases.ObjectiveWhat are characteristics that differentiate PG from other skin diseases?Material and methodA literature search was performed S1 guidelines on were consulted. Clinical manifestations processes presented based case re...

The association of periodontal disease in HIV-infected patients had been initially considered to be the first clinical expression or indication of profound immunodeficiency and stage of HIVdisease as expressed by CD 4 –cells in the peripheral blood circulation. Three entities were majorly described and are strongly associated with HIV-infection include (a)Linear gingival erythema(LGE), (b)Acute...

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether monoclonal antibodies against pathogen-restricted antigens of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum could be used as probes for spirochetes in diseased gingival tissue from subjects with acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. A biotin-streptavidin system was used to identify spirochetes bound by monoclonal antibodies in cryostat sections...

Human infections due to Phialophora richardsiae, first described in 1968, is usually associated with subcutaneous cysts, although there have been reported cases of ulcerative lesions with discharging sinuses as well as infection of bones and tendon sheaths.1,2,3 Because infections bv P.richardsiae are rare and the fungus relatively unknown in Malaysia, it was thought worthwhile to report the is...

In 1956, the JCI published an article by Vincent Dole on a method for titrating plasma fatty acids that uncovered the importance of fatty acids as a substrate for glucose metabolism. When asked to prepare a historical perspective on this very popular paper, I paid Dole a visit and we reminisced. His answer to my question of how he came to do this work on plasma fatty acids was: "Well, one thing...

The efficacy of surgical management of refractory ophthalmic complications of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), which is a sight threatening was reported. A 70-year-old man presented with a progressively worsening pain and redness in his right eye during the previous 6 months, and decreasing visual acuity that started one month earlier. He was misdiagnosed and treated as keratitis elsewhe...

Although rare, ulcerative sarcoidosis is an acknowledged morphologic variant of cutaneous sarcoidosis encountered in both the United States and worldwide, particularly in patients with skin of color. Herein, we present a patient with prototypical ulcerative sarcoidosis to highlight this unusual presentation of a relatively rare cutaneous condition. We also review 34 additional cases drawn from ...