The interactions of Heterodera glycines at four egg inoculum levels (0, 100, 1,000, and 10,000 per pot) and three cyst levels (0, 100, and 200 per pot) and Calonectria crotalariae at 500, 5,000, and 50,000 microsclerotia per pot were evaluated on soybean. At the two lowest nematode egg levels, the presence of C. crotalariae did not affect nematode reproduction. At 10,000 eggs per pot, however, ...

The ectoparasitic dagger nematode (Xiphinema index), vector of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), provokes gall formation and can cause severe damage to the root system of grapevines. Mycorrhiza formation by Glomus (syn. Rhizophagus) intraradices BEG141 reduced both gall formation on roots of the grapevine rootstock SO4 (Vitis berlandieri×V. riparia) and nematode number in the surrounding soil. Su...

Two nematicides, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA) (1) and oidiolactone D (2), were isolated from cultures of the fungus Oidiodendron sp., and their structures were identified by spectroscopic analyses. Compound 2 showed nematicidal activities against the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans, and the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Compound 1 was also active against the...

Microplot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of inoculum level and time of application of Paecilomyces lilacinus on the protection of tomato against MeIoidogyne incognita. The best protection against M. incognita was attained with 10 and 20 g of fungus-infested wheat kernels per microplot which resulted in a threefold and fourfold increase in tomato yield, respectively, compared...

A nematicide, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furoic acid (1), was isolated from cultures of the fungus Aspergillus sp. and its structure was identified by spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 showed effective nematicidal activities against the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans without inhibitory activity against plant growth, but 1 did not show a...

Trichoderma harzianum strain ESALQ-1306 was assessed for its potential biological control against Meloidogyne incognita race 4 under in vitro and greenhouse conditions. In vitro, we noticed 64% of conidial attachment on eggs and second-stage juvenile immobilized by the fungus. In greenhouse, cucumber plants were treated with different concentrations of conidial suspensions before and after inoc...

in this study, trichoderma harzianum bi was evaluated for its capability to reduce the incidence and severity of the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica, and fusarium wilt, f. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, as causal agents of a complex disease of tomato in the laboratory and greenhouse conditions. initial in vitro studies revealed that the parasitism of m. javanica eggs by t. harzianum bi ...

Conidia of the endoparasitic nematophagous fungus Drechmeria coniospora adhere to the sensory organs of many nematode species. In some cases the adhesion phase is followed by penetration of the nematode cuticle and subsequent infection. In a study of eight different nematode species and five strains of the fungus only two species were infected: Panagrellus vedivivus was infeted by all strains a...

Hirsutella rhossiliensis is a parasite of juvenile nematodes, effective against a diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes. Its global distribution on various nematode hosts and its genetic variation for several geographic regions have been reported, while the global population genetic structure and factors underlying patterns of genetic variation of H. rhossiliensis are unclear. In this study, 8...

greenhouse studies showed in the transplant of tomato that two weeks before infection with nematodes with two species of mycorrhizal g. mosseae and g. intraradices had been inoculated, were significantly offseted the reduction of growth that had been done by nematodes. it should be noted that the percentage of root colonization with two species 66.3% and 62.2% respectively and based on this stu...