Accepted clinical evidence suggests superior efficacy of novel antipsychotics in the treatment of cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia. Whether this constitutes a primary drug effect or a secondary effect due to easing extrapyramidal side-effects or improving positive symptoms when converting from a first- to a second-generation neuroleptic is still open to debate. Long-term efficacy as well as ...

Because epidemiological studies report clinical disorders (mainly neurobehavioral alterations and/or cancer) that may be related to diminished melatonin secretion or to changes in its circadian rhythm in subjects living or working in environments exposed to magnetic fields, research on the effects of these fields in humans is particularly important. In this study, we examine the circadian rhyth...

This study reports the effect of an affect-focused intervention program, the Affect School, on stress, psychological symptoms, cognitive functioning and neural activity. Fifty employees in social service and education, with high levels of chronic stress, were randomly divided into a treatment (N=27) and control (N=23) group. Complete sets of data were available in 20 participants in the treatme...

Animal and human research suggests that adolescent exposure to cannabis carries a particularly high risk for a range of negative outcomes, including psychosis-related symptoms, cognitive impairment, and substance use problems1-5. Findings of heightened risk associated with adolescent cannabis use, coupled with research pointing to a role of the endocannabinoid system in regulating neurodevelopm...

We present two women with the fragile X syndrome (Martin-Bell syndrome) and autism. Both are mentally retarded, one mildly and one severely. Cytogenetic studies showed a high percentage of lymphocytes with the fragile X chromosome and inactivation occurring preferentially in the normal X chromosome. Autism is shown to be a severe behavioral and cognitive manifestation of the fragile X syndrome ...

Cognitive deficits are one of the core symptoms of schizophrenia that evolve during the course of schizophrenia, after being originated even before the onset of illness. Existing pharmacological and biological treatment modalities fall short to meet the needs to improve the cognitive symptoms; hence, various cognitive remediation strategies have been adopted to address these deficits. Research ...

Despite high comorbidity between depressive and somatic symptoms, cognitive mechanisms that transmit vulnerability between symptom clusters are largely unknown. Dampening, positive rumination, and brooding are three cognitive predictors of depression, with rumination theoretically indicated as a transdiagnostic vulnerability through amplifying and diminishing affect in response to events. Speci...

OBJECTIVE Investigating the relationship between premorbid and prodromal status and the clinical manifestations of the first psychotic episode is relevant for understanding the pathophysiology of psychosis and for improving management of the disease. This study examined patterns of premorbid functioning of persons interviewed during their first episode of psychotic illness and examined the rela...

BACKGROUND Concussion diagnosis and management remains a largely subjective process. This investigation sought to evaluate the utility of a novel neuroelectric measure for concussion diagnosis and return to play decision-making. HYPOTHESIS Brain Network Activation (BNA) scores obtained within 72-h of injury will be lower than the athlete's preseason evaluation and that of a matched control at...

context we briefly reviewed the evidence on the association of hepatitis c (hcv) infection with several aspects of mental and psychosocial health. evidence acquisition medline was searched with appropriate keywords. the primary sources were the systematic reviews. if systematic reviews were not available for a subject, then the most relevant and methodologically sound original studies were sele...