While attachment research has demonstrated that parents' internal working models of attachment relationships tend to be transmitted to their children, affecting children's developmental trajectories, this study specifically examines associations between adult attachment status and observable parent, child, and dyadic behaviors among children with autism and associated neurodevelopmental disorde...

the human brain is composed of several interconnected, functionally distinct structures and much debate has surrounded the basic question of how these structures evolve. brain development begins in early gestation. between 4 weeks and 9 months, brain undergoes rapid development. there are six stages of nervous system development. brain increases connections between birth and 21 years of age. ab...

Measuring biomarkers to predict or identify illness is a strategy that is increasingly used in many fields, including in the field of psychiatry and neurodevelopmental disorders [1-3]. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) define a biomarker as an objective measurement of a normal or pathologic biological process, or an objective measurement that indicates response to a treatment...

Problem statement: Neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism have been attributed to both genetic and environmental factors. Whether and how maternal infection as an environmental factor contributes to the development of neurological abnormalities in the offspring remains to be clearly defined. Approach: The literature was reviewed to examine the relationship between materna...

With research suggesting increasing incidence of pediatric neurodevelopmental disorders, questions regarding etiology continue to be raised. Neurodevelopmental function tests have been used in epidemiology studies to evaluate relationships between environmental chemical exposures and neurodevelopmental deficits. Limitations of currently used tests and difficulties with their interpretation have...

Lee-Way Jin,1,2 Makoto Horiuchi,1 Heike Wulff,3 Xiao-Bo Liu,1 Gino A. Cortopassi,4 Jeffrey D. Erickson,5 and Izumi Maezawa1,2 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and 2M.I.N.D. (Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders) Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California 95817, Departments of 3Pharmacology and 4Molecular Biosciences, Univers...

Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have multiple factors contributing toward their risk of later neurodevelopmental difficulties. With earlier diagnosis and improved survival rates, the management of CHD now includes the recognition of neurodevelopmental risks and optimisation of neurodevelopmental outcomes is emphasised. Neuroimaging studies have shown early differences in brain deve...

BACKGROUND Amnioreduction remains a treatment option for pregnancies with twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) not meeting criteria for laser surgery or those in which it is not feasible. Amnioreduction is a relatively simple treatment which does not require sophisticated technical equipment. Previous reports of conservative management have indicated that major neurodevelopmental impairment...

BACKGROUND Extremely low birth weight twins have a higher rate of death or neurodevelopmental impairment than singletons. Higher-order extremely low birth weight multiple births may have an even higher rate of death or neurodevelopmental impairment. METHODS Extremely low birth weight (birth weight 401-1000 g) multiple births born in participating centers of the Neonatal Research Network betwe...

BACKGROUND In an effort to improve the screening and diagnosis of individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), research has focused on the identification of a unique neurodevelopmental profile characteristic of this population. The objective of this review was to identify any existing neurodevelopmental profiles of FASD and review their classification function in order to identify g...