It was demonstrated by Elvehjem and collaborators (l-4) that, if to a niacin-free diet containing 9 per cent casein and permitting moderate growth there was added an excess of tryptophan-deficient proteins (corn, gelatin, acid hydrolysates of proteins) or certain amino acids (glycine, threonine, phenylalanine), growth of young rats was impaired or stopped. Furthermore, this effect could be abol...

Although the biosynthesis of niacin in Neurospora and mammals has been elucidated in a general way, the pathway by which this vitamin is formed in plants has remained obscure. An increase in the niacin content of cereals during germination has been observed (1). Winterstein and Trier (2) suggested that niacin is derived from proline, whereas Guggenheim (3) proposed ornithine as a precursor. Fol...

Niacin favorably modifies cardiovascular risk factors but is associated with flushing and shows limited benefit in improving endothelial function. We investigated whether combining anti-inflammatory tetrahydro-iso-alpha acids (THIAA) from hops with niacin would improve endothelial function. We hypothesized that the THIAA+niacin combination would demonstrate benefits not seen with niacin alone. ...

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of niacin supplementation on hepatic lipid metabolism in rabbits. Rex Rabbits (90 d, n = 32) were allocated to two equal treatment groups: Fed basal diet (control) or fed basal diet with additional 200 mg/kg niacin supplementation (niacin). The results show that niacin significantly increased the levels of plasma adiponectin, hepatic apoprot...

BACKGROUND Niacin is a broad-spectrum lipid-regulating drug used for the clinical therapy of atherosclerosis; however, the mechanisms by which niacin ameliorates atherosclerosis are not clear. MATERIAL AND METHODS The effect of niacin on atherosclerosis was assessed by detection of atherosclerotic lesion area. Adhesion molecules in arterial endothelial cells were determined by using qRT-PCR and...

Niacin is an effective agent for raising HDL, but its cellular target sites are largely unknown. We examined effects of niacin on the surface expression of ATP synthase beta chain, a newly described HDL/apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) receptor for HDL endocytosis, in HepG2 cells. A significant amount of immunodetectable beta chain was observed on the surface of HepG2 cells, which was competitively ...

Pigs of a high lean strain reared via an SEW scheme were self-fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 15, or 30 mg niacin/kg diet from 10 to 27 kg body weight. The basal diet contained 18 mg of total niacin and 9.4 mg of bioavailable niacin per kg diet. Dietary niacin supplementation did not alter pig growth, efficiency of feed utilization, or body nutrient (protein, fat) accretion. Based on thes...

BACKGROUND Niacin is an agent that significantly increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), but its effects on surrogate markers of atherosclerosis and inflammatory markers are less clear. We studied the effects of niacin on carotid intimal media thickness (IMT), brachial artery reactivity as well as markers of inflammation and the metabolic profile of patients with metabolic syndr...

Niacin (nicotinic acid) has recently been shown to increase serum adiponectin concentrations in men with the metabolic syndrome. However, little is known about the mechanism(s) by which niacin regulates the intracellular trafficking and secretion of adiponectin. Since niacin appears to exert its effects on lipolysis through receptor (GPR109A)-dependent and -independent pathways, the purpose of ...

One hundred forty-four finishing pigs were used to determine the influence of added dietary niacin on their growth performance and meat quality. Gilts grew slower, ate less, and were more efficient than barrows for the entire growth performance period. Increasing dietary niacin levels to 25 g/ton increased ADG in gilts for the first 25 days, but decreased ADG for barrows. No other interactions ...