This study applies social cognitive theory to the study of voter turnout, examining the effects of self-efficacy on citizens’ decisions of whether or not to vote. Consistent with recent arguments in cognitive psychology (Fenton-O’Creevy, Nicholson, Soane, & Willman, 2003, 2005), I argue that excessive perceptions of selfefficacy lead some citizens to overestimate their vote’s impact in close el...

Jody S. Nicholson, Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame; Kimberley S. Howard, National Center for Children and Families, Teachers College, Columbia University; John G. Borkowski, Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame. The first author was supported by Grant Number T32 HD07184-27 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The second author was s...

A general formula for the second-order projection method for solution of unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is presented. It includes the fourand three-step projection methods. Also, RKCN (Runge-Kutta=Crank-Nicholson) three-step and four-step projection methods are presented, in which the three-stage Runge-Kutta and semi-implicit Crank-Nicholson techniques are employed to update th...

We show that a ring $R$ has stable range one if and only every left unit lifts modulo principal ideal. also quasi-morphic it is uniquely generated. Thus we answer in the affirmative two questions raised by W. K. Nicholson.