Nightmare disorder is a prevalent parasomnia characterized by vivid and highly unpleasant dream experiences during night time sleep. The neural background of disturbed dreaming was proposed to be associated with impaired prefrontal and fronto-limbic functioning during REM sleep. We hypothesized that the impaired prefrontal and fronto-limbic functioning in subjects with frequent nightmares would...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Evidence supports the use of cognitive behavioral therapies for nightmares in trauma-exposed individuals. This randomized clinical trial replicated a study of exposure, relaxation, and rescripting therapy(ERRT) and extended prior research by including broad measures of mental health difficulties, self-reported physical health problems, and quality of life. Additionally, physiol...

The characteristics of nightmares of 48 male U.S. Vietnam war veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as revised dream scripts developed in the course of Imagery Rehearsal therapy, were examined in relation to pretreatment symptomatology and treatment outcome. Features, content, and themes of nightmares and rescripted dreams were coded by 2 independent raters....

BACKGROUND Pregnancy-related dreams are often found in pregnant women but also the number of negatively toned dreams seems to be increased in this challenging phase of a woman's life. METHODS Nightmare frequency and subjectively experienced stress was elicited via questionnaires. The mothers-to-be were approached during their application visit about 4-8 weeks prior to delivery in three obstet...

Sleep paralysis is a relatively new term to describe what for hundreds of years many believed to be a visitation by a malevolent creature which attacked its victims as they slept. The first clinical description of sleep paralysis was published in 1664 in a Dutch physician's case histories, where it was referred to as, 'Incubus or the Night-Mare [sic]'. In 1977, it was discovered more than 100 p...

Background Metformin is widely known as an antidiabetic agent which has significant gastrointestinal side effects, but nightmares and abnormal dreams as its adverse reactions are not well reported. Case Presentation Herein we present a case of 56-year-old male patient with no known history of recurrent nightmares and sleep disorder, experiencing nightmare and abnormal dreams directly after co...

A number of bush and forest fire simulators have been developed in the last two decades based on the deterministic spread equations of Gwynfor Richards (Int. J. Num. Meth. Eng. 1990) and the marker method for computing discrete approximations to the Richards equations. Unfortunately, all such implementations are plagued by topological complications. For example, sampling issues on the evolving ...

The unprecedented outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa is a true global public health emergency, requiring extraordinary measures and global cooperation. Throughout 2014 the world has observed a global health crisis unfold in a way that has never been seen before (Box 1). Multiple outbreaks of EVD have overwhelmed healthcare and humanitarian services in many areas, restricting t...