BACKGROUND Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality and the leading cause of neurological disability, cognitive impairment and dementia worldwide. Nimodipine is a dihydropyridinic calcium antagonist with a role in neuroprotection, making it a promising therapy for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. METHODS/DESIGN The NICE study is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, p...

Fasudil is believed to be at least equally effective as nimodipine for the prevention of cerebral vasospasm and subsequent ischemic injury in patients undergoing surgery for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We report the final results of a randomized, open trial to compare the efficacy and safety of fasudil with nimodipine. A total of 63 patients undergoing surgery for SAH received fasudil and 66...

A randomized placebo controlled double-blind clinical trial of nimodipine was conducted in 31 patients of acute cerebral infarction. Nimodipine was administered in dosage of 120 mg/day for 28 days. Treatment was begun within 48 hours of ischemic stroke. Diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomographic (CT) scan. Similar number of patients (control) received placebo. Neurological assessment was d...

The effect of the calcium antagonist nimodipine on local CBF in 31 regions of the CNS was studied with the [14C]iodoantipyrine autoradiographic technique in lightly anaesthetised, mechanically ventilated rats. Continuous intravenous infusion of nimodipine (1, 2, or 4 micrograms kg-1 min-1) produced a dose-dependent reduction in MABP (reduced by 26 +/- 2% after 30 min of nimodipine, 4 micrograms...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cerebral vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been a serious clinical problem. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of selective intraarterial (IA) nimodipine treatment in a rabbit model of chronic cerebral vasospasm. METHODS Twenty-two adult New-Zealand rabbits of either sex, weighing 2500-3800 g were used for this study. Followi...

A novel transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion model in the rat was used to evaluate the effect of nimodipine on brain edema and mortality. Nimodipine (30 micrograms/kg) administered immediately after 3 hr of transient unilateral MCA occlusion attenuated significantly the post-ischemic increase of tissue water content and partly attenuated 45Ca accumulation in the parieto-temporal cor...

The protective effect of an L-type calcium channel blocker, nimodipine, on cell injury induced by oxygenglucose deprivation (OGD) in PC12 cells was investigated. PC12 cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (30 minutes and 60 minutes respectively) in the presence or absence of nimodipine (10μM/L) in three different time schedules (pre-24h, pre-3h and concurrently). Cellular viability w...

L-type calcium channel blockers like verapamil are used in the prophylaxis of migraine. However, their effect on the expression of CGRP in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) is unknown. It is important because an earlier study had shown that olcegepant, a CGRP receptor antagonist, acts at the level of the trigeminal spinal nucleus rather than the trigeminal ganglia. Nimodipine was used in th...

The effects of a calcium antagonist, nimodipine, were tested on the response of the cerebral circulation to arterial pCO2 and blood pressure changes. The effects of reduced blood flow upon oedema formation and extracellular ion homeostasis under nimodipine preloading were studied. Both open and closed skull primate models were used, with alpha-chloralose anaesthesia. Nimodipine infusion increas...

Nimodipine is a calcium slow channel blocker with several pharmacologic properties suggesting the potential to favorably modify outcome in focal cerebral ischemia. Thirty adult cats underwent unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion for 4 hours. Seventeen cats were treated with an ipsilateral intracarotid infusion of nimodipine (1 microgram kg-1 min -1) beginning 15 minutes before MCA ...