Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is regarded as one of the most effective treatments for major depressive disorder but has also been associated with cognitive deficits possibly reflecting brain damage. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate whether ECT induces cerebral damage as reflected by different biochemical measures. The concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of three est...

Under a market setting, we analyse the impact of legal liability on prevention, taking into account the possible limited wealth of ...rms. We show that under strict liability, ...rms may choose ex ante not to be able to fully indemnify victims ex post: whatever the market structure, they may use limited liability strategically by investing in prevention in excess of what is socially optimal. Th...

Inadequate infrastructural networks can be detrimental to society if transport between locations becomes hindered or delayed, especially due to natural hazards which are difficult to control. Thus determining natural hazard susceptible areas and incorporating them in the initial planning process, may reduce infrastructural damages in the long run. The objective of this study was to evaluate the...

the islamic law considers people’s financial affairs as important and has devised special rules for it so that the citizens may live under their protection. strictness on the usurper of other people’s properties is part of these rules so that no one would dare to encroach upon other people’s properties. this strictness in confronting the usurpers of rights is implied from the traditions and rul...