introduction: several radiotracers are being used for sentinel node mapping in patients with breast cancer. in the current study, we reported our experience with 99m-tc phytate for sentinel node mapping in mashhad university of medical sciences. methods: all breast cancer patients who underwent sentinel node mapping using 99m-tc phytate were included. all patients received intradermal peri-areo...

Because of the influence of energy consumption of wireless sensor network, the location information of nodes in wireless sensor networks is very important, the current general localization algorithm is not suitable for harsh environment. This paper proposes a scheme based on the ranging node localization to improve the overall performance of the network. The routing algorithm is designed to dir...

In a multi-hop wireless sensor network (WSN) with a constant node density, the nodes that are one hop away from the Sink die first and cause an “energy hole,” because they must forward the traffic from the rest of the network. When this hole forms, a large amount of “excess” energy is trapped in the other nodes. In this paper, we propose that some of those other nodes use some of the excess ene...

Introduction: Several radiotracers are being used for sentinel node mapping in patients with breast cancer. In the current study, we reported our experience with 99m-Tc Phytate for sentinel node mapping in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Methods: All breast cancer patients who underwent sentinel node mapping using 99m-Tc Phytate were included. All patients received intradermal peri-are...

This paper investigates the use of redundancy and self repairing against node failures indistributed storage systems using a novel non-MDS erasure code. In replication method, accessto one replication node is adequate to reconstruct a lost node, while in MDS erasure codedsystems which are optimal in terms of redundancy-reliability tradeoff, a single node failure isrepaired after recovering the ...

The stability degree of key nodes is an important indicator of wireless sensor network performance. Appropriate node importance evaluation method is a precondition for the identification of key node and the analysis on network stability. The current methods based on average length and network density are unable to make real-time evaluation on nodes in practical application. Thus, this paper put...

The design of wireless sensor networks presents a host of challenges like power management, ensuring coverage of an area with sensor nodes, providing fault tolerance in case of node failures and localization of nodes. But managing the power of a sensor node given the energy constraints, such that the lifetime of the node, the network and the application’s performance are maximized, still contin...

Congestion in wireless sensor networks causes packet loss, throughput reduction and low energy efficiency. To address this challenge, a transmission rate control method is presented in this article. The strategy calculates buffer occupancy ratio and estimates the congestion degree of the downstream node. Then, it sends this information to the current node. The current node adjusts the transmiss...

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is typically comprised many tiny nodes equipped with processors, sender/receiver antenna and limited battery in which it is impossible or not economic to recharge. Meanwhile, network lifespan is one of the most critical issues because of limited and not renewal used battery in WSN. Several mechanisms have been proposed to prolong network lifespan such as LEACH,...

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is typically comprised many tiny nodes equipped with processors, sender/receiver antenna and limited battery in which it is impossible or not economic to recharge. Meanwhile, network lifespan is one of the most critical issues because of limited and not renewal used battery in WSN. Several mechanisms have been proposed to prolong network lifespan such as LEACH,...