background: dendritic cells (dcs), as the managers of the immune response, have a crucial role in forming the direction and nature of the immune response. some compounds such as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol affect the function of dcs and can be used to shift the immune functions toward favorite directions. the aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo effects of 1, 25- dihydroxycholecal...

in this study, immune responses against streptococcus iniae infections in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) were analyzed. anti-streptococcal antibody (asa) levels, respiratory burst activity (rba), phagocytic activity (pa) and phagocytic index (p index) were measured in kidney macrophages. fish were allocated to three experimental groups (n = 50 per group): survivors of natural s. iniae inf...

results implementation of modern techniques of immune monitoring, allograft function, awareness about the specific infectious and non-infectious disease in each region improves the quality of renal transplantation. conclusions we need to combine the advance scientific vision with local vigilance to achieve the best outcome in renal allograft recipients evidence acquisitions in this process we s...

human parvovirus b19 is a very common viral infection especially in school-aged children. the infection during pregnancy can affect the fetus due to lack of mother's immunity. although, there is still no evidence of fetal teratogenic effects with parvovirus b19, but non-immune fetal hydrops and abortion may be caused by vertical transmission of the virus during pregnancy. this study was aimed t...

Even though we are all exposed to various pathogens at all times, we only seldom become clinically ill. This is because we are endowed with a robust immune apparatus that is highly evolved and multi-facet with the ability to distinguish between “self” and “non-self”. On escaping and by-passing the mechanical barriers like the skin and muco ciliary clearances, as a part of the antigen non-specif...

BACKGROUND Surveillance of Pandemic influenza was carried out in the Valencian Community. Some effectiveness studies of the seasonal vaccine for AnH1N1 virus have presented no consistent results. The objective of the work consists on describing the results of the epidemic surveillance and effectiveness of the seasonal vaccine for pandemic influenza in the weeks 28 to 51, 2009. METHODS We stud...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of the varicella vaccination program in Toscana after one dose of vaccine, in the birth cohorts 2008-2011. DESIGN Varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated using the "screening method", based on vaccine coverage (VC) at 24 months and proportion of vaccinated subjects among varicella notified cases (PVC), verified through the Local Health Units' ...