Streptococcus sanguis demonstrated a high affinity for hydrocarbon solvents. When aqueous suspensions of the organism were mixed with either hexadecane or toluene, the cells tended to bind to the nonaqueous solvent. Increases in temperature resulted in a greater affinity of cells for hexadecane. Interaction between the cells and hexadecane was also enhanced by dilute aqueous sodium chloride and...

The conventional notion that enzymes are only active in aqueous media has long been discarded, thanks to the numerous studies documenting enzyme activities in nonaqueous media, including pure organic solvents and supercritical fluids. Enzymatic reactions in nonaqueous solvents offer new possibilities for producing useful chemicals (emulsifiers, surfactants, wax esters, chiral drug molecules, bi...

Azobenzene (azoB) is a promising anode active material for nonaqueous redox flow battery (NARFB), but the performance assembled with azoB rather poor. Here, we show that rate of NARFB and 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1-methoxy-4-[2?-methoxyethoxy] benzene (DBMMB) as anolyte catholyte materials can be significantly enhanced by optimizing solvent, supporting electrolyte, membrane. The synergistic interactio...

Electronic structure theory under the influence of apolar solvents suffers from substantial methodical difficulties since in this case the solvent-induced solute polarization originates mainly from specific directional interactions and higher electric multipoles. Continuum solvation models based on the dielectric solvent response such as the PCM approach ignore such interactions and can therefo...

In the present investigation, a newly isolated organic solvent-tolerant and alkaliphilic bacterial strain was reported from a hydrocarbon (gasoline and diesel) contaminated soil collected from the petrol station, Shirpur (India). The strain was identified as Bacillus circulans MTCC 7942, based on phenotype, biochemical, and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. The capability of Baci...

In nonaqueous enzymology, control of enzyme hydration is commonly approached by fixing the thermodynamic water activity of the medium. In this work, we present a strategy for evaluating the water activity in molecular dynamics simulations of proteins in water/organic solvent mixtures. The method relies on determining the water content of the bulk phase and uses a combination of Kirkwood-Buff th...

1. The influence of D20 and organic solvents on the rate of oxidation of added substrates by heart muscle particles and tightly coupled rat liver mitochondria has been investigated. Solvents examined include glycerol, sucrose, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, and ethylene glycol. Each of these solvents was found to induce a marked inhibition of respiratory chain activity. 2. The relative...