background: abnormal levels of the markers afp, hcg, and ue3 could be useful in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes. this study was designed to determine the correlation between second trimester maternal serum markers and adverse pregnancy outcome (apo). methods: in this historical cohort study, we randomly followed 231 obstetric patients with quadruple screening test in 14-18 weeks of gestat...

Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is becoming increasingly popular with some offering it as a primary screen option in all patients in place of serum screening. Serum screening offers insight into placental function, which NIPT does not. Abnormal levels of analytes in the serum screen have been associated with pregnancy complications.

background: the major aneuploidies that are diagnosed prenatally involve the autosomal chromosomes 13, 18, and 21, as well as sex chromosomes, x and y. because multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (mlpa) is rapid and non-invasive, it has replaced traditional culture methods for the screening and diagnosis of common aneuploidies in some countries. objective:  to evaluate the sensitiv...

In the second half of the 20 century, the prenatal diagnosis armamentarium changed dramatically with the introduction of amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling. Both modalities are, however, invasive techniques and carry a certain risk, albeit low (0.5–1%), of pregnancy loss [1]. Routine noninvasive methods of prenatal diagnosis include firstand second-trimester ultrasonography and materna...

Noninvasive prenatal testing and fetal sonographic screening roundtable discussion Lee W, Yagel S, Cohen, SM, Benacerraf BR, Cuckle H, Kagan KO, Van den Veyver I, Wapner R. J Ultrasound Med 2015; 34 (3): 363–69. Seven leading clinicians from Israel, USA, England and Germany were sent 10 questions about non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and their responses were summarised. As might be expecte...

Trisomy 21 is the most common reason that women opt for prenatal diagnosis. Conventional prenatal diagnostic methods involve the sampling of fetal materials by invasive procedures such as amniocentesis. Screening by ultrasonography and biochemical markers have been used to risk-stratify pregnant women before definitive invasive diagnostic procedures. However, these screening methods generally t...

Background: Prenatal diagnosis for Fetal Chromosomal anomalies currently relies on assessment of risk followed by a combination of biochemical and nuchal translucency. Trisomy 21 is the most common trisomy that is associated with intellectual disability. Pregnant women who receive a prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21 currently have the option of continuing or terminating their pregnancy, but no f...

Recent advances in genomic sequencing and bioinformatics have led to the development of noninvasive detection methods with detection rates approaching those obtained with amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS) [1, 2]. Recently, a novel prenatal testing method has become available. This method, known as noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), is a molecular approach for assessing fetal a...