Freshwater resources are fundamental for maintaining human health, agricultural production, economic activity as well as critical ecosystem functions. As populations and economies grow, new constraints on water resources are appearing, raising questions about limits to water availability. Such resource questions are not new. The specter of "peak oil"--a peaking and then decline in oil productio...

The development of the complex and multi-dimensional urban socio-economic system creates impacts on natural capital and human capital, which range from a local to a global scale. An emergy-based multiple spatial scale analysis framework and a rigorous accounting method that can quantify the values of human-made and natural capital losses were proposed in this study. With the intent of comparing...

Technological Change, Depletion and the U.S. Petroleum Industry*** A common claim in the nonrenewable resource literature is that improvements in technology may largely offset the effects of increasing scarcity over time. This study provides perhaps the first empirical evidence on this issue by analyzing the determinants of the average finding cost for additional petroleum in the U.S. over the ...

Whether privately or publicly held, nonrenewable resources impact social welfare and, therefore, often come under public policy purview. Those who formulate policy typically have multiple and sometimes con icting goals. Of interest to policy-makers is the relative e ectiveness of the tools at their disposal given a nonrenewable natural resource, its ownership, and the market in which it's trade...

The scarcity of non-renewable resources today is a more and more crucial issue for many branches of industry. To counteract these problems, extensive, timely and up-to-date information on non-renewable resources' supply and demand is essential. Nevertheless, this information today is distributed, heterogeneous and only available in an informal or semi-formal structure. Thus, companies often do ...

Many processes within production scheduling and project management involve the scheduling of a number of activities, each activity having a certain duration and requiring a certain amount of limited resources. The duration and resource requirements of activities are commonly the result of estimations, and thus generally subject to uncertainty. If this uncertainty is not taken into account the r...

The discrete time –cost trade-off problem (DTCTP) is one of the main aspects of project scheduling. In DTCTP , we treat cost as a non-renewable resource and the availability of renewable resource per period has been neglected. It was recently suggested that the quality of project should also be taken into consideration. Therefore, when renewable resources and quality are considered, the traditi...