Here I review some nuclear physics aspects of core-collapse supernovae concerning neutrinos. Studies of neutrino emission and interactions in supernovae are crucial to our understanding of the explosion mechanism, the heavy element nucleosynthesis, and pulsar proper motions. I discuss the effects of reduced neutrino opacities in dense nuclear matter on supernova neutrino emission and their impl...

The astrophysical p process, which is responsible for the origin of the proton rich stable nuclei heavier than iron, was investigated using a full nuclear reaction network for a type II supernova explosion when the shock front passes through the O/Ne layer. Calculations were performed with a multi-layer model adopting the seed of a pre-explosion evolution of a 25 solar mass star. The reaction f...

This study presents a model for the dispersion of radioactive smoke clouds from nuclear weapon explosion. A based on modified Settlement is chosen to simulate contaminants explosion in atmosphere. The arrival time and dose rate fallout at various distances downwind direction are given different equivalents surface typical meteorological conditions. Thus, prediction can be achieved under conditi...

Fundamental to the ability to monitor a Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty is a good understanding of the nuclear explosion source. Considerable research has been done on the nuclear explosion source over the past 30 years, with mixed success. Although empirical and numerical models of explosion sources do a fairly good job of matching observed seismic signals, a good explanation of the phys...

NEUTRONS AND GAMMA RAYS ries, namely, initial and residual \\\(§ 1.02). The line of demarcation is 8.01 As stated in Chapter I, one of somewhat arbitrary, but it may be taken the special features of a nuclear exploas about 1 minute after the explosion, sion is the emission of nuclear radiafor the reasons given in § 2.43. The tions. These radiations, which are quite initial nuclear radiation, wi...

We construct the equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter at finite temperature and density with various proton fractions within the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory for the use in the supernova simulations. We consider nucleus, alpha-particle, proton and neutron in equilibrium at densities smaller than about ρB ∼ 10 14.2g/cm3 by minimizing the free energy of the nuclear matter. The calcul...

Following the nuclear reactor accident at Three Mile Island (TMI) in Pennsylvania last March, the public was inundated by newspaper, magazine, and broadcast reports on nuclear energy. At first, most of these reports attempted to explain the reactor malfunctions that caused the accident. With time, reporters began to analyze events at the site and turned toward other issues related to nuclear en...

The interplay between spectator and participant matter in heavy-ion collisions is investigated in the context of a microscopic transport model. Transport simulations show that flow patterns for the participant matter are strongly influenced by the presence of the nearby spectator matter. However, the influence is mutual. During the explosion of the participant zone, the spectator matter acquire...

The interplay between spectator and participant matter in heavy-ion collisions is investigated in the context of a microscopic transport model. Transport simulations show that flow patterns for the participant matter are strongly influenced by the presence of the nearby spectator matter. However, the influence is mutual. During the explosion of the participant zone, the spectator matter acquire...