The avianuncoupling protein (avUCP) is a member of the mitochondrial transporter superfamily that uncouples proton entry in the mitochondrial matrix from ATP synthesis. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to estimate the allele and genotype frequencies of the UCP/HhaI polymorphisms and to determine associations between these polymorp...

Uncovering DNA sequence variations that correlate with phenotypic changes, e.g., diseases, is the aim of sequence variation studies. Common types sequence variations are Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, pronounced snip).SNPs are the third-generation molecular marker. SNP represents a DNA sequence variant of a single base pair with the minor allele occurring in more than 1% of a given popula...

Background: CDKN2A, encoding two important tumor suppressor proteins p16 and p14, is a tumor suppressor gene. Mutations in this gene and subsequently the defect in p16 and p14 proteins lead to the downregulation of RB1/p53 and cancer malignancy. To identify the structural and functional effects of mutations, various powerful bioinformatics tools are available. The aim of this study is the ident...

Molecular genetics selection on individual genes is a promising method to genetically improve economically important traits in livestock. The insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I) gene may play important roles in growth of multiple tissues, including muscle cells, cartilage and bone. The objectives of the present study were the estimate the haplotype frequencies of the IGF-I gene polymorphisms i...

We propose a Bayesian variable selection method in semi-parametric models with applications to genetic and epigenetic data (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms and DNA methylation, respectively). The data are individually standardized to reduce heterogeneity and facilitate simultaneous selection of categorical (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and continuous (DNA methylation) variables. The G...

Background: We explored the effect of vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms in response to PEG-IFN treatment in Egyptian chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: Two hundred hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients (42.3±10.7 years) on PEG-IFN α-2a (180 μg /kg for 48 weeks) and one hundred control subjects (37.3 ±12 years) were enrolled in the study. Vitamin D levels a...

objectives analysis of ns5a polymorphisms in hcv genotype 1b pre-treatment serum samples from estonian patients and their effect on the treatment response. patients and methods twenty-nine complete ns5a sequences obtained from patients with chronic hcv-1b infection who had received combined therapy with pegifnα-2a/rbv were analyzed and compared with the prototype strain hcv-j. twelve patients a...

conclusions in general, our study suggests that the association between lep/lepr and ghrl/ghsr with overweight/obesity and the related metabolic disturbances is inconclusive. these results may be due to unidentified gene-environment interactions. more investigations are needed to further clarify this association. results the most prevalent leptin/leptin receptor genes (lep/lepr) and ghrelin/ghr...

Actins play essential roles in cellular morphogenesis. In mice, the t-actin 1 and 2 genes, which encode actin-like proteins, are specifically expressed in haploid germ cells. Both T-ACTIN 1/ACTLB and T-ACTIN 2/ACTL7A have also been cloned as orthologous genes in humans; they are present on chromosome 9q31.3 as intronless genes. Defects of germ cell-specific genes can introduce infertility witho...

Demand for nonnutritive sweeteners continues to increase due to their ability to provide desirable sweetness with minimal calories. Acesulfame potassium and saccharin are well-studied nonnutritive sweeteners commonly found in food products. Some individuals report aversive sensations from these sweeteners, such as bitter and metallic side tastes. Recent advances in molecular genetics have provi...