Orientation perception is not comparable across all orientations-a phenomenon commonly referred to as the oblique effect. Here, we first assessed the interaction between stimulus contrast and the oblique effect. Specifically, we examined whether the impairment in behavioral performance for oblique versus cardinal orientations is best explained by a contrast or a response gain modulation of the ...

Visually-evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded from infants between the ages of 2 and 11 months in response to 2.5 c/deg main axis and oblique square wave gratings. The oblique effect first appears at 3 months of age; some infants showed smaller VEP amplitude and/or longer VEP latency for obliquely oriented gratings. Regarding the age of onset of the oblique effect, VEP data from this study ag...

The capillaries of overacting inferior oblique muscles from children with strabismus and of dog inferior oblique muscles were ultrastructurally described. Biopsy material was used in all instances. The mean diameter of the capillary lumen was 2.03 microns for the human inferior oblique and 2.76 microns for the dog inferior oblique. Quantitative estimates of capillary basement membrane width wer...

AIM To identify ARIX gene polymorphisms in patients with congenital superior oblique muscle palsy and to find the relation between the ARIX gene and congenital superior oblique muscle palsy. METHODS The three exons of the ARIX gene were sequenced by genomic DNA amplification with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing in 15 patients with superior oblique muscle palsy (13 with c...

BACKGROUND Inferior oblique muscle overaction of variable amounts is usually present with congenital superior oblique palsy. Inferior oblique muscle anteriorization has been described as a suitable surgical procedure in this entity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inferior oblique muscle anteriorization in patients with congenital superior oblique palsy on vertical, torsi...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the changes in isolation ratios of the trunk muscles during hip adduction. [Subjects and Methods] In total, 15 males aged 27-35 years were recruited for the present study. Electromyography data of the external oblique, internal oblique, and erector spinae muscles were collected during hip adduction exercise. [Results] With respect to the intern...