despite providing robustness, high-gain observers impose a peaking phenomenon, which may cause instability, on the system states. in this paper, an adaptive saturation is proposed to attenuate the undesirable mentioned phenomenon in high-gain observers. a real-valued and differentiable sigmoid function is considered as the saturating element whose parameters (height and slope) are adaptively tu...

Nonlinear observers based on the well-known concept of minimum energy estimation are discussed. The approach relies an output injection operator determined by a Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation whose solution is subsequently approximated neural network. A suitable optimization problem allowing to learn network parameters proposed and numerically investigated for linear nonlinear oscillators.

Abstract By considering the idea and notion of observers dynamical systems, it is shown that relative semidynamical systems can be a suitable model for inserting an observer as realistic fact to theory. Multi-dimensional their affect on are considered. Locally distinguishable introduced, proved this property preserves under conjugate relations which observers. For application role topological e...