Fungal infections (mycoses) are likely to occur more frequently as ever-increasingly sophisticated healthcare systems create greater risk factors. There is a paucity of systematic data on the incidence and prevalence of human fungal infections in Malaysia. We conducted a comprehensive study to estimate the burden of serious fungal infections in Malaysia. Our study showed that recurrent vaginal ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS There a shortage of robust information about profiles of gastrointestinal disease in sub-Saharan Africa. The endoscopy unit of the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka has been running without interruption since 1977 and this 38-year record is largely intact. We report an analysis of endoscopic findings over this period. METHODS Written endoscopy records from 29th Septem...

Objectives: To describe the pattern of clinical disease in women with HIV infection and to examine the eVect of potential cofactors, including oral contraceptive use, alcohol and smoking, ethnic group, and route of HIV transmission, on progression to AIDS and death. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: 15 HIV and genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics in Britain and Ireland. P...

OBJECTIVES To report the initial AIDS defining conditions, CD4 lymphocyte counts around the time of AIDS diagnosis, and survival by AIDS defining condition in a population based cohort in rural Uganda. METHODS Participants in an HIV natural history cohort in rural Uganda were reviewed every 3 months at routine visits and at other times when they were ill. The date and nature of the first AIDS...

BACKGROUND Predictors of death in hospitalized HIV-infected patients have not been previously reported in Bangladesh. OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this study was to determine predictors of death among hospitalized HIV-infected patients at a large urban hospital in Bangladesh. METHODS A study was conducted in the HIV in-patient unit (Jagori Ward) of icddr,b's Dhaka Hospital. Characteristics ...

Ukraine has high rates of TB, AIDS and cancer. We estimated the burden of fungal disease from epidemiology papers and specific populations at risk and fungal infection frequencies. HIV/AIDS cases and deaths (2012) and tuberculosis statistics were obtained from the State Service of Ukraine, while chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cases were from M. Miravitlles et al., Thorax 64, 863-8...

Caspofungin (MK-0991; L-743,872) belongs to the echinocandin family, a new class of antifungal agents that act on the fungal cell wall by inhibiting glucan synthesis. Data in vitro, and experimental studies, have demonstrated that caspofungin has antifungal activity against yeasts of the genus Candida (including isolates resistant to azoles and amphotericin B), several species of filamentous fu...

The incidence and prevalence of fungal infections in Tanzania remains unknown. We assessed the annual burden in the general population and among populations at risk. Data were extracted from 2012 reports of the Tanzanian AIDS program, WHO, reports, Tanzanian census, and from a comprehensive PubMed search. We used modelling and HIV data to estimate the burdens of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia...

Echinocandins have made a significant impact in the treatment of select invasive fungal infections, most notably invasive candidiasis and aspergillosis. However, treatment outcomes for such infections are still less than optimal, prompting an examination of dosing and administration techniques in an attempt to exploit known pharmacodynamic properties and improve outcomes. Echinocandins generall...

The information on the prevalence of fungal infections in the Caribbean region including Trinidad and Tobago (population 1,339,000 million) is scanty. Tinea capitis is common in children, being predominant in those of African descent, with no definitive estimate. Asthma is also common affecting 77,000-139,000 adults with an estimated 1927-3491 affected by allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis...