Phosphodiester and phosphorothioate oligonucleotides in alpha and beta configurations directed against the initiation codon region of the HIV-1 rev gene were evaluated for their ability to inhibit HIV-1 replication in acutely and chronically infected human CEM cells. Encapsulation in antibody-targeted liposomes (immunoliposomes) permitted intracellular delivery and distinction between oligonucl...

Novel 2'-O,4'-C-ethylene nucleosides have been synthesized as building blocks for antisense and antigene oligonucleotides. 2'-O,4'-C-Ethylene-bridged nucleic acids (ENA) comprising 2'-O,4'-C-ethylene nucleosides have considerable affinity to complementary RNA and double-stranded DNA. Incorporation of 2'-O,4'-C-ethylene nucleosides into oligonucleotides dramatically increase their resistance aga...

A technique is described that allows the concurrent synthesis of homologous regions of separate oligonucleotides. The technique utilizes synthesis columns that are readily interconverted between single-chambered and dual-chambered. The regions of the oligonucleotides that differ are synthesized separately with single-chamber columns, and with the single molecules joined, the homologous regions ...

Features characteristic to rheumatoid joint destruction, including synovial overgrowth and bone resorption, are experimentally produced by augmenting c-fos gene expression. We tested here if arthritic joint destruction was inhibited upon inactivation of the c-fos/AP-1 signal by administering short double-stranded AP-1 DNA oligonucleotides into mice with collagen-induced arthritis to compete for...

Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) were originally discovered as components of cytokine signal transduction pathways. Persistent activation of one of these transcription factors, STAT3, is a feature of many malignancies, including hormone-resistant prostate cancer. In this regard, malignant cells expressing persistently activated STAT3 become dependent on it for survival,...

We describe PRIMROSE, a computer program for identifying 16S rRNA probes and PCR primers for use as phylogenetic and ecological tools in the identification and enumeration of bacteria. PRIMROSE is designed to use data from the Ribosomal Database Project (RDP) to find potentially useful oligonucleotides with up to two degenerate positions. The taxonomic range of these, and other existing oligonu...