The study of nucleation mechanism of new grains during severe plastic deformation of magnesium alloys is of great importance to control the characteristics of final microstructures.  To investigate the role of discontinuous recrystallization, a wrought AZ31 magnesium alloy was deformed by accumulative back extrusion process at 330 °C.  The obtained microstructures were studied using optical and...

This paper examines the tax structures of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries by focusing on the quality of governance and demographic changes as two influential factors in region’s economies. The objective of is to determine whether these factors can explain the variation in the tax structures of these countries. Results from regressions on the MENA countries and the ones based o...

Inspired by recent work in the theory of central projections onto hypersurfaces, we characterize self-linked perfect ideals of grade 2 as those with a Hilbert–Burch matrix that has a maximal symmetric subblock. We also prove that every Gorenstein perfect algebra of grade 1 can be presented, as a module, by a symmetric matrix. Both results are derived from the same elementary lemma about symmetr...

From the discrete radon transform (DRT), R(t, m) of a p x p image I(x, y), intensity at (t, m) results from the sum of intensities, I of elements, (x, y) along a projection of x = my + t (mod p), the resultant transform of the image presented has an averaging effect. If information is required for a subset of the image, it cannot be extracted from transform of the complete image. It is therefor...

This research argues that the differential effect of international trade on the demand for human capital across countries has been a major determinant of the distribution of income and population across the globe. In developed countries the gains from trade have been directed towards investment in education and growth in income per capita, whereas a significant portion of these gains in less de...

In presenting evidence in favor of rational partisan cycles, where electoral victories by leftist parties are expected to create temporary expansions and electoral victories by rightist parties are expected to create temporary recessions, Alesina, Cohen, and Roubini (1999) rely upon autoregressive time series intervention regressions. These regressions, however, are not consistent with their mo...

We consider normalizers of an irreducible inclusion N ⊆ M of II1 factors. In the infinite index setting an inclusion uNu∗ ⊆ N can be strict, forcing us to also investigate the semigroup of one-sided normalizers. We relate these normalizers of N in M to projections in the basic construction and show that every trace one projection in the relative commutant N ′ ∩ 〈M, eN 〉 is of the form ueNu for ...

This report is an extension and partial update of de la Fuente and Ciccone (2002). It constructs estimates of the private and social rates of return on schooling for fourteen EU countries using microeconometric estimates of Mincerian wage equations, the results of crosscountry growth regressions and OECD data on educational expenditures, tax rates and social benefits. The results are used to dr...