In this paper, we provide analytical support for the notion that it may be possible, via operational adjustments alone, to significantly reduce emissions without significantly increasing cost. Using the EOQ model, we provide a condition under which it is possible to reduce emissions by modifying order quantities. We also provide conditions under which the relative reduction in emissions is grea...

In this paper, we address the problem of deciding the optimal ordering quantity and frequency for a supplier– retailer logistic system in which the transportation cost as well as the multiple uses of the vehicles are considered. Based on the traditional economic order quantity (EOQ) formula, a modified EOQ model is set up and an algorithm for the model is presented. Computational results verify...

The complexity of the present data-centric world finds its expression in the increasing number of multi-indicator systems. This has led to the development of multicriteria ranking systems based on partial order. Partial order is a main pillar of structural mathematics. Partial order helps reveal why an object of interest holds a certain ranking position and how much it is subject to change if a...

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Introduction Model formulation and the convexity Decision rule of the optimal cycle time T*

This section is devoted to the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model, its specialization to the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model and its extension to allow backorders. The next section deals with multiple products. The primary driver to hold inventories is the presence of a fixed production/ordering cost that is incurred every time a positive number of units are produced/ordered. We wish ...

One of the celebrated extensions of the economic order/production quantity (EOQ/EPQ) model is one that assumes a received shipment contains a fraction of imperfect (non-conforming) quality items, where these items, detected by 100% screening, are sold as a single batch at a discounted price. This paper revisits this model (Salameh and Jaber, 2000, Int. J. Prod. Econ. 64 (1), 59–64) and extends ...

generally ordering policies are done by two methods, including fix order quantity (foq) and fix order period (fop). these methods are static and either the quantity of ordering or the procedure of ordering is fixing in throughout time horizon. in real environments, demand is varying in any period and may be considered as uncertainty. when demand is variable in any period, the traditional and st...