II. The Foundations of Organic Chemistry A. The branch of chemistry specializing in the study of carbon compounds. 1. Organic molecules are molecules containing carbon. 2. Called organic molecules because these compounds were only found in living beings. 3. Vitalism a. Belief in a life force outside the jurisdiction of chemical/physical laws. b. Organic chemistry in early 19th century was built...

Organic contaminants in shale gas flowback and produced water (FPW) are traditionally expressed as total organic carbon (TOC) or chemical oxygen demand (COD), though these parameters do not provide information on the toxicity and environmental fate of individual components. This review addresses identification of individual organic contaminants in FPW, and stresses the gaps in the knowledge on ...

The role of volatile organic compounds in the polluted urban atmosphere of Bristol, UK A. C. Rivett, D. Martin, D. J. Gray, C. S. Price, G. Nickless, P. G. Simmonds, S. J. O’Doherty, B. R. Greally, A. Knights, and D. E. Shallcross Biogeochemistry Research Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK Received: 15 August 2002 – Accepted: 29 January 200...

The ability of soil venting to inexpensively remove large amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from contaminated soils is well established. However, the time required using venting to remediate soils to low contaminant levels often required by state and federal regulators has not been adequately investigated. Most field studies verify the ability of a venting system to circulate air in ...

Recently, a number of endophytic fungi have been discovered that produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) whilst growing on agricultural waste substrates, whose chemistry is best defined as hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon-like. These compounds have potential use as both 'green chemicals' and fuels. This report discusses the discovery of the first fungus proposed as a producer of 'Mycodiesel'. Also...

Personal exposures of 100 adult non-smokers living in the UK, as well as home and workplace microenvironment concentrations of 15 volatile organic compounds were investigated. The strength of the association between personal exposure and indoor home and workplace concentrations as well as with central site ambient air concentrations in medium to low pollution areas was assessed. Home microenvir...