Hepatitis has become a global public health issue. Currently, six different types of hepatitis A, B, C, D and G have been identified by medical research. According to WHO, it had been estimated in 2009 that about 180 million people were infected with hepatitis C virus in the world. At present, three to four million people are infecting every year (1) In developing countries, viral infection of ...

BACKGROUND Pakistan and Afghanistan are two of the three remaining countries yet to interrupt wild-type poliovirus transmission. The increasing incidence of poliomyelitis in these countries during 2010-11 led the Executive Board of WHO in January, 2012, to declare polio eradication a "programmatic emergency for global public health". We aimed to establish why incidence is rising in these countr...

β-thalassaemia, an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy, is one of the commonest genetically transmitted disorders throughout the world. Collective measures including carrier identification, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis are required for preventing β-thalassemia. To achieve this objective, Identification of the spectrum of genetic mutations, especially for various ethnic backgrounds...

2234 www.thelancet.com Vol 381 June 29, 2013 The construction of health facilities, establishment of medical schools, and recruitment of health workers in the public sector have been important aspects of a popular political agenda in Pakistan, especially for elected governments. According to offi cial reports, the number of medical graduates has increased from 500 in 1947 to 171 450 in 2012 and...

abstract: this study uses esi indicators and statistics database for comparative evaluation of scientific production of iran, turkey, egypt and pakistan during 2002- 2012. this study is a survey and is done scientometrics approaches. spss software used for analysis of findings. toky and pearson correlation test was performed. study population was leader islamic countries who indexed base of esi...

Background Hepatitis B is considered the most dangerous among the five types of Hepatitis, as it is clinically asymptomatic. It can silently damage the liver over many years without being diagnosed. Hepatitis B is one of the top risks of liver complications in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), a province of Pakistan, with an average prevalence rate of 2.70%. Aims We aimed to carefully review the previ...

The pattern of all index admissions for benzodiazepine self-poisoning to a university hospital in Karachi, Pakistan are described. Of the 329 medication self-poisoning cases, 84% were benzodiazepine overdoses. Diazepam was the preferred drug in 69% of these cases, with majority ingesting between 20-30 tablets of 5 mg each, 44% bought the benzodiazepine over the counter (OTC) for the purpose of ...

BACKGROUND Psychological therapies especially Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) are used widely in the West to help patients with psychiatric problems. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy has an established evidence base for the treatment of different emotional disorders. In spite of these developments in the developed world, patients in most developing countries hardly benefit from non pharmacological...

BACKGROUND Child marriage (<18 years) is prevalent in Pakistan which is associated with negative health outcomes. Our aim is to describe women's knowledge and attitude towards child marriage practice who themselves were married as children. METHODS Women of reproductive age (15-49 years) who were married prior to 18 years, for at least 5 years and had at least one child birth were recruited f...

Demographic transition in Pakistan produced an annual growth rate of over 4% in urban areas as compared to 3% for Pakistan as a whole with lower mortality and higher marital fertility in urban areas and rural to urban migration. Primarily, the data of the project "Metropolitan Women's Productive Choices" were utilized along with findings of the Pakistan Contraceptive Prevalence Survey (PCPS) o...