with the french occupation of egypt in 1798 ad, the communication route of britain to india was threatened and a new stage of conflict and competition began between the two countries in eastern mediterranean, ottoman, iran, indian ocean and the persian gulf. although threats temporarily subsided with the french abandoning egypt, but the continuous french expansionism in the east caused them per...

Territorial animals and street gangs exhibit similar behavioral characteristics. Both organize themselves around a home base and mark their territories to distinguish claimed regions. Moorcroft et al. model the formation of territories and spatial distributions of coyote packs and their markings in [24]. We modify this approach to simulate gang dynamics in the Hollenbeck policing division of ea...

Kingman Reef and Palmyra Atoll in the central Pacific are among the most remote coral reefs on the planet. Here we describe spatial patterns in their benthic communities across reef habitats and depths, and consider these in the context of oceanographic gradients. Benthic communities at both locations were dominated by calcifying organisms (54-86% cover), namely hard corals (20-74%) and crustos...

This paper uses the Asia Competitiveness Institute (ACI) competitiveness index to rank the competitiveness of the 35 states and union territories of India and conducts simulation studies to recognise how each state or union territory can improve its competitiveness. The results highlight, in general, a distinct pattern of high competitiveness in the western and the southern states of the countr...

planktonic foraminifera are useful in determining the relative age of the upper cretaceous strata. based on distribution of planktonic foraminifera in kuh-e siah section (212 m thickness), eight biozones have been recognized including dicarinella concavata interval zone (earliest santonian), dicarinella asymetrica total range zone (santonian to earliest campanian), globotruncanita elevata parti...

understanding the historical events and developments of iran during seljuq era sustains some major limitations and deficiencies comparing with other historical periods of iran after the advent of islam, due to certain circumstances of historiography and historical resources of that time. lack of formal policy of seljuq rulers in supporting historians and avoidance of the majority of historians ...

Article history: Received 27 August 2016 Received in revised form 22 November 2016 Accepted 13 January 2017 Available online xxxx Large marine protected areas (MPAs) have recently been established throughout the world at an unprecedented pace, yet the value of these reserves formobile species conservation remains unclear. Reef shark populations continue to decline even within some of the larges...