background: toluene is a harmful substance still being used as a solvent and catalyst in many industries that can increase the level of urinary hippuric acid (uha). this study was designed to examine the level of toluene and uha among workers of industrial site in seven companies in sidoarjo, indonesia and to analyze the risk factors for abnormal uha. methods: this study was an analytical cross...

The title compound, Na(+)·C(7)H(7)O(2)S(-)·4H(2)O, is the hydrate of the sodium salt of para-toluene-sulfinic acid. The mol-ecular geometry around the sulfur atom is tetra-hedral with X-S-Y angles spanning a range of 102.23 (6)-110.04 (6)°. In the crystal, the water mol-ecules connect the sodium cations into chains along the b axis via O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. An inter-molecular O-H⋯π inter-action...

the catalytic oxidation of toluene to benzoic acid in the liquid phase has been studied in an un-stirred tank reactor. low concentration of acetic acid was added in order to increase the solubility of the catalyst in toluene. the dependence of the rate of reaction on the concentration of toluene catalyst and oxygen pressure was studied. it has been suggested that liquid phase oxidation of tolue...

exposure to toluene can be associate with genotoxicity, neurological dysfunction, reproductive toxicity, and etc. biomonitoring of hippuric acid (ha) is used for a long time as an occupational exposure index to toluene. the aim of this study was to explore efficiency of ha as a biomarker of exposure to low level of toluene for iranian petroleum depot workers in 2011. personal monitoring to tolu...

Cyanoacrylate glues are quick setting materials which rapidly cure to hard, clear glassy resins. Its synthesis too has not been reported in the open literature so far. Synthetic methods, which engage esterification of cyanoacetic acid with a preferred alcohol, polymerization by knoevenagel condensation and successive depolymerization, are applied to the synthesis of lower membered alkyl cyanoac...

Oxygenases are promising biocatalysts for performing selective hydroxylations not accessible by chemical methods. Whereas toluene 4-monooxygenase (T4MO) of Pseudomonas mendocina KR1 hydroxylates monosubstituted benzenes at the para position and toluene ortho-monooxygenase (TOM) of Burkholderia cepacia G4 hydroxylates at the ortho position, toluene 3-monooxygenase (T3MO) of Ralstonia pickettii P...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: GAE: Gallic Acid Equivalent; TAE: Tannic Acid Equivalent; QE: Quercetin Equivalent; AAE: Ascorbic Acid Equivalent; CN: Cyanidin 3-glucoside; ABTS: 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid); DPPH: 2, 2-diphenyl1-picryhydrazyl; FRAP: Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power; TPTZ: 2,4, 6-tri-2-pyridyl-1,3,5-triazin; FW: Fresh Weight

Toluene, also known as methylbenzene or phenylmethane, is a clear, waterinsoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners, redolent of the sweet smell of the related compound benzene. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon that is widely used as an industrial feedstock and as a solvent. Like other solvents, toluene is also used as an inhalant drug for its intoxicating properties [1,2]. Toluene r...

We assessed the polyphenolic contents and antioxidant potential of the aqueous, ethanol and methanol stem bark extracts of Jatropha curcas. The total phenol, flavonoids, flavonols and proanthocyanidin contents of the extracts were evaluated to determine their effect on the antioxidant property of this plant, using standard phytochemical methods. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activ...