Atmospheric parameters retrieved by remote sensing techniques often represent averages over considerable space or time intervals. Unresolved variability of corresponding primary physical values is a problem as soon as non-linear relations between the primary physical value and the retrieved parameter come into play, as for example the R(Z)relation between radar reflectivity Z and rain rate R. W...

in this paper, a finite element model is developed for the fully hydro-mechanical analysis of hydraulic fracturing in partially saturated porous media. the model is derived from the framework of generalized biot theory. the fracture propagation is governed by a cohesive fracture model. the flow within the fracture zone is modeled by the lubrication equation. the displacement of solid phase, and...

In this paper natural convection heat transfer within a two-dimensional, horizontal, concentric cam shape cylinders that is partially filled with a fluid saturated porous medium has been investigated. both cylinder are kept at constant and uniform temperatures with the outer cylinder being subjected relatively lower than the inner one. In addition the forchheimer and brinkman effect are taken i...

The coupled interaction between a sloshing fluid in a partially-filled container suspended as a bifilar pendulum is investigated. The sloshing fluid has a free-surface upon which waves are generated this fluid contributes a restoring force to the container motion by its weight through the wire suspensions and the free-surface waves may either enhance or diminish the restoring force through hydr...

Turbulent partially filled pipe flow was investigated using stereoscopic particle imaging velocimetry in the cross-stream plane for a range of depths at nominally constant Reynolds number 30 000 (based on bulk velocity and hydraulic diameter). Unlike full flow, which is axisymmetric, turbulent kinetic energy exhibits significant azimuthal (and radial) variation. Proper orthogonal decomposition ...