In this paper, controlling the location of the tip of an L-shape beam under gravity field is investigated. The beam is covered with piezoelectric patches. The gravity filed moves the tip of beam downward and the actuators with induced voltage move the tip to the previous location. to optimize the best location and voltages for actuators, the particle swarm optimization algorithm code is develop...

in this paper a new strategy is proposed to design a fixed-structure robust controller for a flexible beam.  robust controller designed by the conventional  loop­ shaping method is not appropriate for a beam because of its high order and complicated form. fixed-structure  loop shaping control in conjunction with particle swarm optimization (pso)algorithm  is used to overcome this drawback. the ...

Experimental laser beam profiles often deviate somewhat from the ideal Gaussian shape of the axisymmetric TEM(00) laser mode. To take these deviations into account when calculating light scattering of an off-axis beam by a spherical particle, we use our phase-modeling method to approximate the beam-shape coefficients in the partial wave expansion of an experimental laser beam. We then use these...

Charged-particle motion is studied in the self-electric and self-magnetic fields of a well-matched, intense charged-particle beam and an applied periodic solenoidal magnetic focusing field. The beam is assumed to be in a state of adiabatic thermal equilibrium. The phase space is analyzed and compared with that of the well-known Kapchinskij-Vladimirskij (KV)-type beam equilibrium. It is found th...

We have used a high-resolution back-focal-plane detector to make simultaneous measurements of the axial and lateral force constants of a micron-sized particle in a single-beam optical gradient trap. We measure the optical force applied to the trapped particle as a function of the relative index of refraction of particle and medium, the radius of the particle, and the laser beam power. Results a...

Since a photon carries both energy and momentum, when it interacts with a particle, photon-particle energy and momentum transfer occur, resulting in mechanical forces acting on the particle. In this paper we report our theoretical study on the use of a laser beam to manipulate and control the flow of nanofluids in a micro-channel. We calculate the velocity induced by a laser beam for TiO2, Fe2O...