PURPOSE To explore the diagnostic performance of threshold visual field tests using subsets of the standard 24-2 test pattern in detecting early/moderate glaucomatous field loss. METHODS Normal (Brusini stage 0, n = 2344) and defective eyes (Brusini stage 2-3, n = 2222) from a database of visual field tests (6696 eyes/3586 patients, SITA standard 24-2 algorithm) were selected and resampled us...

Subtropical lakes are important source of atmospheric methane (CH4). This study aims to investigate spatial variations of CH4 flux in Lake Taihu, a large (area 2400 km ) and shallow (mean depth 1.9 m) eutrophic lake in Eastern China. The lake exhibited high spatial variations in pollution level, macrophyte vegetation abundance, and algal growth. We measured the diffusion CH4 flux via the transf...

This study proposes and assesses the effectiveness of monitoring vehicular traffic anomalies using microscopic traffic variables, namely relative speed and inter-vehicle spacing. In particular, we show that when applied to real-world scenarios, our algorithm can use the variance of statistics of relative speed to detect traffic anomalies and precursors to non-recurring traffic congestion [1]. T...

The presence of congruent visual speech information facilitates the identification of auditory speech, while the addition of incongruent visual speech information often impairs accuracy. This latter arrangement occurs naturally when one is being directly addressed in conversation but listens to a different speaker. Under these conditions, performance may diminish since: (a) one is bereft of the...

Learning about statistics is a lot like learning about science: the learning is more meaningful if you can actively explore. This series in Advances in Physiology Education provides an opportunity to do just that: we will investigate basic concepts in statistics using the free software package R. Because this series uses R solely as a vehicle with which to explore basic concepts in statistics, ...

In this Journal, Lewis and colleagues introduced a new Reliable Change Index (RCI(WSD)), which incorporated the within-subject standard deviation (WSD) of a repeated measurement design as the standard error. In this note, two opposite errors in using WSD this way are demonstrated. First, being the standard error of measurement of only a single assessment makes WSD too small when practice effect...