Current developments in information technology and increased inclination towards smart cities have led to the initiation of a plethora features by technology-oriented companies (i.e., car manufacturers) improve users’ privacy comfort. The invention vehicle paved way for excessive use machine-to-machine technologies. Moreover, third-party sharing financial services are also introduced that suppo...

In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), available nodes must act as their own router and also rely on other nodes to relay communication packets. However, some intermediate nodes may refuse to forward packets to other nodes or discard route-discovery requests from others to save power, as much as those consumed during the message transmission phase. In order to prevent node selfishness, we have pro...

The potential service providers, customers, as well as financial institutions are constructing geographically the largest global business net in the business history over the Internet. The payment mechanism needed for this new business medium is a very important issue. This paper presents a simple debit-based electronic payment protocol QIPP (Qudro-way Internet Payment Protocol) and its impleme...

Although the celebrated Vickrey auction is strategy-proof and guaranteed to achieve an efficient allocation in a singleobject auction, if there exists no outside party (i.e., a seller or an auctioneer) with the right to collect the payment, the collected payment will be wasted. Redistribution mechanisms try to redistribute the payment to participating agents as much as possible without violatin...

Multicast routing uses a structure, either a tree or a mesh, to connect the receivers to the source, thus saving the bandwidth. How to share the cost among the receivers in a certain fair way has been studied widely in literature. When the agents, either the links or the nodes, in the network are selfish, it is desirable to pay the agents in a proper way such that each agent still reveals its t...

it has been tried to compare the “price payment method” in iranian law with “principles of international commercial contracts” and “convention on contracts for international sale of goods vienna, 1980” in this study. different law regulations in various countries should be unified in order to extend rapid and insured trusted law relations among the nations and people all over the world because ...

Digital content transactions through e-commerce will grow tremendous in the coming years. Welldesigned electronic payment schemes and high-quality digital contents are two critical successful factors. This paper proposes an incentive-based electronic payment scheme, which can ensure both important properties of fair exchange and customer anonymity in e-commerce transactions and enhance authors’...

Due to the growing usage of online shopping and payments in recent years, E-Payment system has experienced enormous growth. The acceptance electronic for offline transfers is made easier by an payment system. An a technique conduct transactions or pay goods services online. Systems are now widely employed across all industries, including banking, finance, commerce, many more. There were some se...