In some applications of computing with words, it is necessary to map an interval type-2 fuzzy set (IT2 FS) into one of several classes, which are also represented by IT2 FSs. This classifier can be implemented by a subsethood measure. Five existing subsethood measures for IT2 FSs are considered in this paper. Comparative studies show that Vlachos and Sergiadis’s IT2 FS subsethood measure gives ...

Feature extraction is a main step in all perceptual image hashing schemes in which robust features will led to better results in perceptual robustness. Simplicity, discriminative power, computational efficiency and robustness to illumination changes are counted as distinguished properties of Local Binary Pattern features. In this paper, we investigate the use of local binary patterns for percep...

in order to improve the level of intelligence, availability, being on demand, convenience, information and humanization of rural public transportation systems, they are more willing to use modern information and communicative technologies. in addition to management services, intelligent transportation systems can provide passengers, drivers, travel agencies and other institutions with other ser...

This paper explores some structural constraints on computing the mean sizes of sets of elements. Neither number nor density had much effect on judgments of mean size. Intermingled sets of circles segregated only by color gave mean discrimination thresholds for size that were as accurate as sets segregated by location. They were about the same when the relevant color was cued, when it was not cu...

We discuss the problem of how to build up an internal representation for the uninterpreted data acquired by an agent dynamically coupled with its environment. The agent is endowed with a sensory-motor apparatus. Techniques based on Vector Quantization and Clustering Analysis are used to investigate both sensor and robot sensorymotor model spaces. The concepts of Perceptual and Sensory-Motor Equ...

Diagrams form a key part of how we collaborate in the workplace and the home. However, the visual nature of diagrams makes them difficult to use and manipulate when people have differing perceptual resources available to them, for example, due to visual impairment, or reduced access to computing and network bandwidth. In this paper we describe the potential for cross-modal interfaces to support...

Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is not a good measure of perceived picture quality, especially at low bit rates of coding. This paper proposes a new approach for computing perceptual distortion for visual signal in order to provide an objective measure for perceptual quality at low bit rate coding in typically mobile communications. The regions with three major perceptually disturbing artefac...

There-reality environments are those virtual environments which evoke the same perceptual response from a viewer as if they were actually present, or there, in the real scene being depicted. While it is possible to compute highly accurate representations of real scenes, the computational requirements of such a full physically-based global illumination solution are significant, currently preclud...