The organization of the paper is as follows. In Section 2, I review the two major approaches to Japanese tenses in past studies, i.e. the “uniform/non-indexical” approach (e.g. Ogihara 1996) and the “non-uniform/indexical” approach (e.g. Oshima 2006a), drawing on data that involve tenses in matrix clauses and in complement clauses (of utterance/attitude predicates).1 In Section 3, I consider te...

whether or not there is a verbal passive construction in persian has been ‎highly controversial. traditional grammarians and most linguists have ‎argued that there is a structural passive construction in persian, similar to ‎that observed in english. within the framework of the minimalist ‎program, but more in the spirit of emonds’s (2006) division of analytic ‎passives into verbal and adjectiv...

Some analogies have been observed over the years between the semantics of pronouns, tenses and moods. Thus Partee 1973 suggested that tenses have all the uses that pronouns do, and should thus receive the same abstract analysis; her argument was then extended to mood in Stone 1997. Consider for instance the deictic use of pronouns, illustrated in (1)a. Partee's and Stone's suggestion was that t...

teaching the grammatical tenses is considered to be one of the most controversial challenges among teachers and researchers in teaching persian language to non-persian speakers. prioritizing the tenses in accordance with their frequency could greatly facilitate the process of language learning. in this research, a comparison has been made between the frequency of the tenses in spoken and writte...

A particularly important form of token-reflexive symbol is found in the tenses of verbs. The tenses determine time with reference to the time point of the act of speech, i.e., of the token uttered. A closer analysis reveals that the time indication given by the tenses is of a rather complex structure. Let us call the time point of the token the point of speech. Then the three indications, ‘befo...

This article presents fMRI evidence bearing on dual-mechanism versus connectionist theories of inflectional morphology. Ten participants were scanned at 4 Tesla as they covertly generated the past tenses of real and nonce (nonword) verbs presented auditorily. Regular past tenses (e.g., walked, wugged) and irregular past tenses (e.g., took, slept) produced similar patterns of activation in the p...

The present paper deals with two universal linguistic phenomena, homeostasis and compensation. author examines their function in relation to categories, aspect tense the history of Slavic languages. It is beyond doubt that one most important categories verb origin which may lie Proto-Indo-European language. effects its emergence as a verbal category were far-reaching can be well traced Taking c...

Tenses atau tata bahasa merupakan sebuah keterampilan pemahaman struktur bahasa, khususnya dalam berbahasa Inggris. Keterampilan Inggris tidak dapat dikuasai tanpa pengetahuan yang benar. Untuk memberikan dengan efektif kepada mahasiswa materi tenses, dibutuhkan model pembelajaran menarik dan sesuai kondisi mahasiswa. Model pembejaran digunakan penelitian ini adalah analogi. Penelitian mengguna...

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of deductive instruction of grammar with input enhancement and without using input enhancement. It also explored the effectiveness of inductive instruction of grammar with input enhancement and without input enhancement among Iranian EFL learners. The participants were female intermediate-level students who were studying English a...